607 papers
This collection explores the fascinating world of instrumentation and detection within physics, focusing on the tools and sensors that allow scientists to measure the universe. From advanced particle trackers to sensitive gravitational wave detectors, these innovations form the backbone of modern discovery, turning abstract theories into observable data.
On Gist.Science, we process every new preprint in this field as it appears on arXiv, ensuring you stay ahead of the curve. Each paper is accompanied by a clear, plain-language explanation alongside a detailed technical summary, bridging the gap between complex research and accessible knowledge.
Below are the latest papers in physics instrumentation and detection, offering fresh insights into how we observe the fundamental nature of reality.
This paper presents a conceptual design and simulation study of a novel high-granularity crystal electromagnetic calorimeter using orthogonally arranged scintillating bars and SiPMs, demonstrating an energy resolution of that significantly exceeds the requirements for precision measurements at future Higgs factories.
This paper introduces the first end-to-end differentiable optical particle detector simulator that unifies simulation, calibration, and reconstruction into a single gradient-based framework, demonstrating improved accuracy, speed, and flexibility for analyzing large-scale neutrino detectors compared to traditional methods.
This paper introduces AIMD-L, an automated, high-throughput laboratory featuring custom instruments (HELIX and MAXIMA) and a robotic workflow designed to rapidly characterize the microstructure and properties of structural metals and ceramics for extreme environments, thereby closing the loop between AI-driven experimentation and data analysis.
This paper reports the first optical observation of negative ion drift at surface pressure in a He:CF:SF mixture using an optically read-out TPC, demonstrating multi-species ion transport and validating the feasibility of large-scale, low-diffusion optical TPCs for rare event searches.
This paper characterizes the high detective quantum efficiency of the Timepix4 hybrid pixel detector in event-driven mode at 100 kV and 200 kV and demonstrates its capability to capture weak diffraction signals from polycrystalline gold nanoparticles at 200 kV.
This paper identifies a superlinear response and a significant energy-dependent timing shift in sinusoidally-gated avalanche single-photon detectors, proposing two new attacks that exploit these energy-time effects to violate key security assumptions in Quantum Key Distribution.
This paper demonstrates that robust defect detection in fluctuating magnetic systems, such as Ni80Fe20, can be achieved by training U-Net models on statistical descriptors like temporal mean, standard deviation, and latent entropy derived from micromagnetic simulations, provided the training data accurately reflects the expected noise statistics.
The NUCLEUS experiment characterizes the unidentified low energy excess in its sapphire detector by demonstrating that the excess rate is independent of particle background levels but decreases with slower cooling procedures, following a universal power-law decay over time.
This paper presents beam test results at CERN demonstrating that high-pixel-density SiPMs coupled to BGO and BSO crystals exhibit significant non-linear responses, with deviations reaching approximately 20% at high photoelectron yields, thereby characterizing their performance limits for future high-granularity electromagnetic calorimeters.
This paper demonstrates a novel "tuning-by-opening" mechanism for a NbSn superconducting microwave cavity that achieves continuous frequency tuning exceeding 1 GHz while maintaining a high quality factor suitable for dark matter searches, all without inserting elements into the resonant volume.