608 papers
This collection explores the fascinating world of instrumentation and detection within physics, focusing on the tools and sensors that allow scientists to measure the universe. From advanced particle trackers to sensitive gravitational wave detectors, these innovations form the backbone of modern discovery, turning abstract theories into observable data.
On Gist.Science, we process every new preprint in this field as it appears on arXiv, ensuring you stay ahead of the curve. Each paper is accompanied by a clear, plain-language explanation alongside a detailed technical summary, bridging the gap between complex research and accessible knowledge.
Below are the latest papers in physics instrumentation and detection, offering fresh insights into how we observe the fundamental nature of reality.
This study demonstrates that a modified Stifneck Select Collar equipped with an inflatable cushion and ultrasonic Doppler sensor provides a robust, comfortable, and effective hands-free solution for measuring carotid blood flow during CPR, achieving usable signals in the majority of healthy volunteers without causing skin irritation.
This paper presents new radioassay results from the Canfranc Underground Laboratory demonstrating that dedicated development has significantly reduced the radiopurity levels of Micromegas readout planes, confirming their suitability for ultra-low background rare event searches.
This paper presents quantitative image reconstruction results from aerial measurements of eight surrogate distributed gamma-ray sources, demonstrating that the proposed methods can accurately recover source shapes and absolute activities while analyzing performance across various measurement and reconstruction parameters.
To address the neutron lifetime puzzle and characterize systematic uncertainties in the fully magnetic trap of the SPECT experiment, the authors developed a dedicated simulation framework based on the PENTrack software, enhanced with tools for flexible configuration and data visualization, which successfully aligns with experimental data from the Paul Scherrer Institute.
This paper establishes a correspondence between spacetime fluctuation models and laser interferometer signals, identifying three characteristic signatures for different fluctuation classes and demonstrating that while laboratory-scale instruments offer superior sensitivity to the specific nature of these fluctuations, LIGO is better suited for detecting their mere presence.
This paper presents and validates an iterative, Markov Chain-based time calibration method that utilizes only correlated hit pairs to determine precise per-channel offsets without external references, successfully improving the timing resolution of the SuperFGD and ToF detectors in the T2K experiment.
To address systematic calibration discrepancies caused by resistive crosstalk and laser instability in Phase-III, the BeEST experiment's Phase-IV introduces redesigned STJ sensor arrays with individual ground wires and a more stable UV laser, successfully eliminating artifacts while maintaining high energy resolution for future BSM physics searches.
This study demonstrates that a prototype Electron-Ion Collider Zero-Degree Calorimeter, after being irradiated to simulate one year of full-luminosity operation, can be successfully calibrated on a channel-by-channel basis using cosmic-ray data, maintaining a sufficient signal-to-noise ratio despite significant and non-uniform radiation damage to its SiPMs.
This paper presents the design and calibration of a high-sensitivity Si-PIN array system for measuring surface -activity and details its application in investigating the non-monotonic, electrostatically enhanced, and humidity-dependent deposition dynamics of radon progeny on PMMA surfaces to mitigate background challenges in low-background particle physics experiments.
This paper introduces an exposure-invariant Valley-Peak Modulation (VPM) metric for deep sub-electron read noise sensors by mapping the Poisson-Gaussian model to a wrapped-Gaussian phase space, revealing that VPM follows a theta-function structure dependent solely on read noise and recovering existing approximations as truncated lattice sums.