608 papers
This collection explores the fascinating world of instrumentation and detection within physics, focusing on the tools and sensors that allow scientists to measure the universe. From advanced particle trackers to sensitive gravitational wave detectors, these innovations form the backbone of modern discovery, turning abstract theories into observable data.
On Gist.Science, we process every new preprint in this field as it appears on arXiv, ensuring you stay ahead of the curve. Each paper is accompanied by a clear, plain-language explanation alongside a detailed technical summary, bridging the gap between complex research and accessible knowledge.
Below are the latest papers in physics instrumentation and detection, offering fresh insights into how we observe the fundamental nature of reality.
This paper presents a comprehensive overview of the Muon Endcap 0 (ME0) upgrade for the CMS experiment, detailing its design, production status, and quality assurance procedures aimed at extending forward muon coverage and enhancing reconstruction performance for the High-Luminosity LHC.
This paper demonstrates that various commercial off-the-shelf electronics components tested for radiation tolerance meet the specific Total Ionizing Dose and Non-Ionizing Energy Loss requirements for the Thin Gap Chamber frontend electronics in the ATLAS experiment's High-Luminosity LHC upgrade.
This paper presents a diamond-based metal-insulator-metal campanile probe that adiabatically compresses mid-infrared light into sub-wavelength volumes, enabling high-efficiency, high-resolution mapping of locally driven photocurrents in graphene and offering a robust platform for exploring low-energy carrier dynamics in atomically thin materials.
Using a Ramsey-type apparatus with cold neutrons, researchers analyzed 24 hours of data to find no evidence of oscillating axion-like dark matter, thereby establishing the most stringent limits to date on the coupling between axion-like particles and gluons within a specific mass range.
This paper investigates and analytically describes the "resonant cancellation" effect, where an additional oscillating magnetic field aligned with the static main field causes the modulation of Larmor precession to vanish when the particle interaction time matches the oscillation period, a phenomenon experimentally verified using a monochromatic cold neutron beam.
This paper presents a comprehensive simulation and analysis framework for the NDEx experiment that integrates theoretical ion mobility calculations, detailed detector modeling, and advanced machine learning techniques to validate the experimental workflow and optimize signal-background separation for neutrinoless double beta decay searches.
This paper introduces a fast Microcanonical Langevin Monte Carlo (MCLMC) sampler for radiological image reconstruction that, when accelerated by GPUs, provides both high-accuracy activity estimates and rapid uncertainty quantification, outperforming traditional methods like ML-EM in speed and reliability for nuclear emergency response.
This paper introduces an all-optical imaging modality that achieves 100-attosecond temporal and 200-nanometer spatial resolution to directly visualize the spatiotemporal evolution and vector electric field lines of light within a widefield transmission microscope, enabling the observation of ultrafast scattering dynamics and pulse broadening in MoTe2 that are inaccessible via standard simulations.
This paper presents a unified, physics-informed framework for predicting the critical electric field required for internal charge amplification in cryogenic germanium at 77 K and 4 K, bridging single-free-flight bounds with detailed scattering mechanisms to provide closed-form design formulas and a practical calibration workflow for optimizing detector performance.
This paper presents a capacitively coupled GaAs p-i-n/substrate photodetector featuring a novel multi-step annealing process for Cr/Au ohmic contacts on lightly doped n-GaAs and a leakage-reducing biasing scheme, demonstrating the ability to detect high-energy X-ray pulses with approximately 10^6 electrons per pulse as a precursor to 3D SAM APD detectors.