618 papers
This collection explores the fascinating world of instrumentation and detection within physics, focusing on the tools and sensors that allow scientists to measure the universe. From advanced particle trackers to sensitive gravitational wave detectors, these innovations form the backbone of modern discovery, turning abstract theories into observable data.
On Gist.Science, we process every new preprint in this field as it appears on arXiv, ensuring you stay ahead of the curve. Each paper is accompanied by a clear, plain-language explanation alongside a detailed technical summary, bridging the gap between complex research and accessible knowledge.
Below are the latest papers in physics instrumentation and detection, offering fresh insights into how we observe the fundamental nature of reality.
This paper presents the operational capabilities, extensive parameter characterisation, and diverse scientific applications of Wombat, the high-intensity neutron diffractometer at the Australian Centre for Neutron Scattering, highlighting its optimisation for in situ and in operando studies across a broad range of materials over 17 years of operation.
This paper demonstrates that Optimal Transport methods achieve state-of-the-art performance in distinguishing electrons from neutral pions in Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber neutrino experiments using MicroBooNE simulated data, highlighting the technique's broader potential for LArTPC-based reconstruction.
The authors developed and validated a compact, high-speed time calibration system utilizing a laser diode and GaN FET-based drive circuit, which achieved a 13 ps timing resolution for individual channels and demonstrated its suitability for the large-scale scintillator upgrades in the Belle II experiment's KLM detector.
This paper demonstrates that a calibrated 1060 nm laser setup can effectively characterize the spatial and timing resolutions of AC-LGAD strip sensors with results compatible to 120 GeV proton testbeam measurements, offering a valuable tool for accelerating R&D in 4D tracking detectors supported by TCAD and Weightfield2 simulations.
This paper proposes and evaluates a source-as-detector search using a gamma-ray transition-edge-sensor (TES) array to detect the de-excitation of the long-lived isomer via internal conversion and dark-matter-induced processes, demonstrating that such a calorimetric approach with delayed-coincidence tagging can significantly surpass the sensitivity of conventional high-purity germanium detectors and probe unexplored dark-matter parameter spaces.
Researchers at the China Spallation Neutron Source successfully developed and validated an eV-range polarized neutron system using an in-situ He Spin-Exchange Optical Pumping filter and solenoidal guide field, achieving a measured parity violation asymmetry of % at the 0.747 eV resonance of La to support future Time-Reversal Invariance Violation studies.
The SIDDHARTA-2 collaboration characterized the linearity and energy resolution of its large-area Silicon Drift Detectors up to 50 keV, achieving an energy calibration accuracy of to enable future spectroscopy of higher-mass kaonic atoms.
This study presents the first experimental validation of the TIARA detector for prompt gamma timing-based range monitoring using carbon-ion beams at the CNAO facility, achieving a coincidence time resolution of 279±35 ps and a range accuracy of 4.74±0.36 mm, thereby demonstrating the technique's viability for carbon therapy despite challenges posed by higher background levels.
This paper presents a novel Bayesian analysis framework utilizing Monte Carlo uncertainty propagation to project the background index of the MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR experiment, resulting in a calculated mean background index of cts/(keV kg yr) from thorium and uranium contaminants.
This paper presents a model developed by the CYGNO collaboration that accurately predicts the gain-reduction effect caused by space-charge buildup in optically readout GEM-based TPCs, validated by experimental data from a two-liter prototype with percent-level precision.