physics papers | Gist.Science

An efficient and accurate numerical method for computing the ground states of three-dimensional rotating dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates under strongly anisotropic trap

This paper proposes an efficient, spectrally accurate, and memory-economic numerical method combining a preconditioned conjugate gradient algorithm with an anisotropic truncated kernel method to compute the complex ground states of three-dimensional rotating dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates under strongly anisotropic traps, successfully addressing challenges like kernel singularities and fast rotation to reveal novel patterns such as bent vortices.

Qinglin Tang, Hanquan Wang, Shaobo Zhang + 1 more2026-03-06🔬 physics

Theories of the Glass Transition Based on Local Excitations

This paper reviews and synthesizes theories attributing the glass transition slowdown to localized excitations and their elastic interactions, arguing that the evolution of the excitation spectrum—rather than growing thermodynamic length scales—governs liquid fragility and provides a quantitative, parameter-free framework for understanding dynamical heterogeneities and activation energies.

Massimo Pica Ciamarra, Jeppe C. Dyre, Edan Lerner + 1 more2026-03-06🔬 physics

Lagrangian formulation of the Darboux system

This paper establishes that the classical Darboux system admits a scalar Lagrangian formulation equivalent to the generating PDE of the KP hierarchy, extends this framework to differential-difference and fully discrete versions using elementary and special functions respectively, and demonstrates that their dispersionless limits yield a complete classification of 3D second-order integrable Lagrangians.

Lingling Xue, E. V. Ferapontov, M. V. Pavlov2026-03-06🔬 physics

The bliss of dimensionality: how an unsupervised criterion identifies optimal low-resolution representations of high-dimensional datasets

This paper validates the Relevance-Resolution framework as a robust unsupervised method for identifying optimal low-resolution representations of high-dimensional data, demonstrating that its information-theoretic criteria consistently align with ground-truth Kullback-Leibler divergence minimization across diverse synthetic and physical datasets.

Margherita Mele, Daniel Campos Moreno, Raffaello Potestio2026-03-06🔬 physics

The role of spatial scales in assessing urban mobility models

This study systematically evaluates the performance of gravity, radiation, and visitation urban mobility models across various spatial scales, revealing that while the visitation model generally outperforms the others, all models converge in performance at specific appropriate scales and that distance-based clustering offers superior assessment compared to conventional administrative boundaries.

Rakhi Manohar Mepparambath, Hoai Nguyen Huynh2026-03-06🔬 physics

ICHOR: A Robust Representation Learning Approach for ASL CBF Maps with Self-Supervised Masked Autoencoders

The paper introduces ICHOR, a self-supervised masked autoencoder framework pretrained on a large, multi-site dataset of 11,405 ASL CBF maps, which outperforms existing methods in learning robust, transferable representations for downstream diagnostic and quality prediction tasks.

Xavier Beltran-Urbano, Yiran Li, Xinglin Zeng + 10 more2026-03-06🔬 physics

Higher harmonics in Mott-Hubbard insulators as sensors

Using strong-coupling time-dependent perturbation theory, this paper demonstrates that higher-harmonic currents in Mott-Hubbard and charge-transfer insulators encode information about spin order and microscopic hopping pathways, establishing them as effective probes for correlated materials and sensors for driving fields.

Abdelrahman Azab, Friedemann Queisser, Gulloo Lal Prajapati + 2 more2026-03-06🔬 physics

Extreme Value Analysis for Finite, Multivariate and Correlated Systems with Finance as an Example

This paper proposes a practical framework for analyzing extreme values in finite, multivariate, and correlated systems—demonstrated through high-frequency finance data—by rotating returns into the correlation matrix's eigenbasis to isolate collective and idiosyncratic effects, thereby enabling the use of univariate peaks-over-threshold methods to estimate tail risks while accounting for nonstationarity.

Benjamin Köhler, Anton J. Heckens, Thomas Guhr2026-03-06🔬 physics

Asset Returns, Portfolio Choice, and Proportional Wealth Taxation

This paper demonstrates that a proportional wealth tax levied on market value is economically equivalent to the government acquiring a proportional stake in investor portfolios, thereby leaving optimal portfolio weights, asset pricing, and the Sharpe ratio unchanged, provided that taxation is universal, markets are frictionless, and dividends are consumed.

Anders G. Froeseth2026-03-06🔬 physics

Extensions to the Wealth Tax Neutrality Framework

This paper extends Froeseth's (2026) wealth tax neutrality framework by demonstrating that while neutrality holds under stochastic volatility and Epstein-Zin preferences, it breaks under non-homothetic preferences and four specific implementation channels—such as progressive thresholds and inelastic markets—which are formalized and calibrated to the Norwegian system to evaluate global minimum tax proposals.

Anders G. Froeseth2026-03-06🔬 physics

Probing vacuum birefringence in an Ultrastrong Laser Field via High-energy Gamma-ray Polarimetry

This paper proposes a compact, self-probing scheme using GeV electron beams and petawatt lasers to generate and detect vacuum birefringence via high-energy gamma-ray polarimetry, demonstrating through simulations that this approach can achieve the first laboratory observation of this nonlinear QED effect with current technology.

Da-Lin Wang, Xian-Zhang Wu, Rui-Qi Qin + 5 more2026-03-06🔬 physics

Wealth Tax Neutrality as Drift-Shift Symmetry: A Statistical Physics Formulation

This paper reformulates the concept of neutral wealth taxation as a drift-shift symmetry in stochastic wealth dynamics, demonstrating that while a proportional tax preserves the underlying statistical structure of wealth distribution, practical implementation failures correspond to specific violations of this symmetry that introduce new, non-neutral physical effects.

Anders G. Froeseth2026-03-06🔬 physics

Dynamic Wettability Modulation of Textured, Soft and LIS Interfaces Using Electrowetting

Contrary to the conventional expectation that electrowetting promotes droplet spreading, this study reveals that applying DC voltage to specific microtextured, lubricant-infused surfaces in a Cassie wetting state induces rapid tangential droplet ejection due to unbalanced electrocapillary forces and minimal pinning, offering a new paradigm for controlled droplet transport.

Deepak J., Suman Chakraborty, Shubham S. Ganar + 1 more2026-03-06🔬 physics

Why Projection-Based DMRG-in-DFT Cannot Be Exact, Even with the Exact Exchange-Correlation Functional

This paper establishes that projection-based DMRG-in-DFT embedding is inherently nonvariational and fundamentally limited by nonadditive exchange-correlation errors at the subsystem-environment interface, which cannot be resolved even by employing exact functionals or pair-density approaches.

Enzo Monino, Daria Drwal, Michał Hapka + 2 more2026-03-06🔬 physics

Strong zero modes in random Ising-Majorana chains

This paper investigates the robustness of topological strong zero modes in random Ising-Majorana chains using SZM fidelity as a diagnostic, revealing that while these modes persist throughout the topological phase, the infinite-randomness critical point exhibits distinctive, ensemble-dependent fidelity distributions that suggest an intrinsically stronger topological character and a boundary manifestation of average Kramers-Wannier duality.

Saurav Kantha, Nicolas Laflorencie2026-03-06🔬 physics

Dyson Brownian motion on a Jordan curve

This paper provides a rigorous construction of Dyson Brownian motion on a rectifiable Jordan curve and analyzes its fundamental properties, including the associated Fokker-Planck-Kolmogorov equation, convergence to the stationary Coulomb gas distribution, low-temperature large deviations, and the limiting McKean-Vlasov equation in the many-particle regime.

Vladislav Guskov, Mingchang Liu, Fredrik Viklund2026-03-06🔬 physics

The Angular Localization Function (ALF): a practical tool to measure solvent angular order with Molecular Density Functional Theory

This paper introduces the Angular Localization Function (ALF), a practical tool derived from Molecular Density Functional Theory that quantifies local solvent angular order and entropy, thereby providing a complementary and visualizable measure of orientational distribution for diverse solutes and surfaces in water.

Maïwenn Souetre, Benjamin Rotenberg, Guillaume Jeanmairet2026-03-06🔬 physics

Comparison of data-driven symmetry-preserving closure models for large-eddy simulation

This paper demonstrates that while unconstrained and symmetry-preserving data-driven neural networks both outperform classical large-eddy simulation closures in accuracy, enforcing physical symmetries is crucial for generating more physically consistent velocity-gradient statistics and improving the overall quality of the learned closure.

Syver Døving Agdestein, Benjamin Sanderse2026-03-06🔬 physics

The Extra Vanishing Structure and Nonlinear Stability of Multi-Dimensional Rarefaction Waves: The Geometric Weighted Energy Estimates

This paper establishes the nonlinear stability of multi-dimensional rarefaction waves for the compressible Euler equations by introducing a novel Geometric Weighted Energy Method that overcomes derivative loss issues through the identification of a hidden vanishing structure in the top-order derivatives of the characteristic speed.

Haoran He, Qichen He2026-03-06🔬 physics

The effect of a toroidal opinion space on opinion bi-polarisation

This paper demonstrates that while basic Axelrod models yield similar consensus outcomes regardless of topology, implementing a toroidal opinion space significantly enhances the potential for multi-group polarization and increases sensitivity to model extensions compared to a cubic space.

Frank P. Pijpers, Benedikt V. Meylahn, Michel R. H. Mandjes2026-03-06🔬 physics

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