🔬 physics

First-Principles Study of the Structural, Mechanical, and Electronic Properties of HfIrX (X = As, Bi) Half-Heusler Alloys

This first-principles study reveals that HfIrAs and HfIrBi half-Heusler alloys crystallize in a stable F-43m structure, exhibit ductile mechanical behavior with slightly softened properties in the Bi variant, and possess semimetallic electronic characteristics that suggest potential applications in electronics, photonics, spintronics, and thermoelectrics.

Samuel Ifada, Ben E. Iyorzor, Morka J. Chukwuemeke2026-07-30
🔬 physics

Constraint-Calibrated Reliability Gates for Weyl Diagnostics in Numerical Relativity Cosmology

This paper proposes a constraint-calibrated framework for Weyl tensor diagnostics in numerical relativity, demonstrating that Hamiltonian and momentum constraint residuals act as specific reliability gates for electric and magnetic classifications respectively, thereby necessitating slice-level sensitivity calibration rather than fixed universal tolerances to distinguish genuine gravitational structures from numerical artifacts.

Hassan Ugail2026-07-30
🔬 physics

The Egg-in-a-Bottle Brain: A Hydromechanical Theory of Cerebrospinal Fluid–Mediated Protection

This paper proposes a unified hydromechanical framework demonstrating that cerebrospinal fluid protects the brain through density matching, incompressibility-mediated pressure redistribution, and viscous shear damping, quantified by novel dimensionless parameters that explain age-dependent injury risks such as concussion and subdural hematoma.

Ava T. R. Mihan, Alexander Thorne, Lewis W. Thorne2026-07-29
🔬 physics

Dynamic reflection differential phase contrast for label-free functional imaging at reflective biointerfaces

This paper introduces Dynamic Reflection Differential Phase Contrast (D-RDPC), a label-free imaging technique that leverages temporal fluctuations of directional phase-gradient signals to enable functional imaging of intracellular activity at reflective biointerfaces, overcoming the limitations of conventional methods in the presence of strong specular reflections.

tual monfort2026-07-29
🔬 physics

High-Sensitivity NIR Blood Analyte Sensing Using a Double-Defect 1D Photonic Crystal: A Comparative TMM and FEM Investigation

This paper proposes and validates a symmetric double-defect 1D photonic crystal biosensor for high-sensitivity near-infrared blood analyte detection, demonstrating ultra-high sensitivity, quality factors, and figure of merit through rigorous Transfer Matrix Method and Finite Element Method modeling, particularly under extreme oblique incidence angles.

Vipin Kumar, Neeraj Kumar, Himanshu Himanshu, Rishabh Tyagi, Chhavi Tomar2026-07-29
🔬 physics

Hidden liquid-crystalline order in a non-collinear antiferromagnet

This paper reveals that ferroelectric domain walls in BiFeO3 induce a hidden liquid-crystalline organization of spin cycloids through anchoring and confinement effects, enabling the engineering of robust long-range magnetic order and non-local magnon transport for advanced spintronic applications.

Ramamoorthy Ramesh, Shashank Ojha, Sergei Prokhorenko, Maya Ramesh, Xinyan Li, Richa Mudgal, Nicholas Reiterer, Akash Su (…)2026-07-29
🔬 physics

Droplet Evaporation Characteristics of Diesel and Biodiesel Blends on Hot Surface

This study experimentally investigates the evaporation characteristics of diesel and three biodiesel blends (sunflower, corn, and palm) on hot stainless steel and aluminum surfaces, revealing that biodiesels generally exhibit longer evaporation times and reach the Leidenfrost regime at higher temperatures than diesel due to their higher boiling points and viscosity, while also demonstrating that evaporation is faster on more conductive aluminum surfaces and with smaller droplet sizes.

Mahmoud Abu-Zaid, Mohammad Almaharmeh, Ala Abu-Zaid2026-07-29
🔬 physics

Dust–Ion Acoustic Solitons and Shocks in a Four-Component Electronegative Dusty Plasma with Warm Adiabatic Ions and Nonthermal Electrons

This paper theoretically investigates dust–ion acoustic solitary and shock waves in a four-component electronegative dusty plasma with warm adiabatic ions and nonthermal electrons, deriving Korteweg–de Vries and Korteweg–de Vries–Burgers equations to analyze how plasma parameters like nonthermality, ion concentrations, and viscosity influence wave propagation, structure, and polarity.

M. Masum Haider, Obaydur Rahman, Md. Abdus Salam2026-07-29