Bitcoin Under Stress: Measuring Infrastructure Resilience 2014-2025

This paper presents the first longitudinal study (2014–2025) of Bitcoin's physical infrastructure resilience, demonstrating through a novel 4-layer multiplex model that while targeted cable attacks pose significant risks, the network's clearnet and TOR-based overlay structures exhibit high robustness against random submarine cable failures, with empirical data showing that 87% of historical faults caused minimal node impact.

Wenbin Wu, Alexander Neumueller

Published 2026-03-05
📖 1 min read☕ Coffee break read

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