Geo-χ-Former: A Geodynamically Informed Transformer for Short-Term Polar Motion Prediction in the Excitation Domain
This paper introduces Geo-χ-Former, a geodynamically informed Transformer framework that improves 30-day short-term polar motion prediction by forecasting in the excitation domain using effective angular momentum covariates and calendar encodings, thereby reducing root-mean-square errors by 9.21% and 11.93% compared to standard IERS Bulletin A predictions.