Design of Lunar Soil Simulant for Lunar Landing Applications and Its Mechanical Property Evolution under Impact Loading
This study develops a Changbai Mountain volcanic ash-based lunar soil simulant tailored for the Moon's far side and South Pole, demonstrating through impact tests on various slopes that landing gradients significantly alter the spatial distribution of post-impact mechanical properties, with shear strength weakening uphill and strengthening downhill until stabilizing beyond 8°.