Force Sensing and Haptic Feedback in Robotic Surgery: A Bibliometric and Knowledge-Mapping Analysis of Technological Evolution and Translational Trajectories
This bibliometric analysis of 2,872 publications from 2010 to 2026 reveals that force sensing and haptic feedback in robotic surgery are in a rapid-growth phase led by China and the United States, having evolved from basic teleoperation concepts toward integrated, intelligent systems while highlighting the need for standardized reporting and prospective clinical validation to advance translational trajectories.