medicine papers | Gist.Science

Internal jugular vein distensibility index versus changes in end-tidal CO2 to predict fluid responsiveness in mechanically ventilated patients with shock

This prospective diagnostic study of 80 mechanically ventilated shock patients demonstrates that the internal jugular vein distensibility index (IJVDi) and changes in end-tidal CO₂ (ΔETCO₂), particularly when used in combination, serve as reliable non-invasive predictors of fluid responsiveness with high diagnostic accuracy, offering a practical alternative to invasive monitoring.

Trirong Choosongdet, Nuntanuj Vutthikraivit, Preut Assawaworrarit, Monvasi Pachinburavan, Thitiwat Sriprasat2026-07-22

📄 medicine

Risk Factors and Feeding Practices among Children with Severe Acute Malnutrition in Rural Western India

This community-based case-control study conducted in Sabarkantha, Gujarat, identifies maternal and paternal illiteracy, low household income, nuclear family structure, maternal tobacco use, and poor hygiene practices as significant risk factors for severe acute malnutrition in children aged 6 to 60 months, highlighting the need for targeted socio-economic and educational interventions.

Jimeet Soni, Chandani Chauhan, Tapasvi Puwar, Manish Fancy, Raj Sutaria2026-07-22

📄 medicine

Potential Involvement Mechanism of the S100A8/S100A9-NETs Axis in Rheumatic Heart Disease Valve Injury

This study establishes that the S100A8/S100A9-NETs axis drives rheumatic heart disease valvular injury by activating neutrophils to induce excessive NET formation, which subsequently triggers inflammation and fibrotic remodeling of the heart valves.

Jianlin Wen, Li Wang, Guangze Wu, Yuan Huang, Zhiyu Zeng2026-07-22

📄 medicine

Massive Post-Traumatic Gluteal and Thigh Hematoma Unveiling Factor XIII Deficiency in an 8-Year-Old Girl: A Diagnostic Odyssey and Multidisciplinary Management

This case report describes the successful multidisciplinary management of an 8-year-old girl with a massive, refractory post-traumatic gluteal and thigh hematoma caused by previously undiagnosed Factor XIII deficiency, highlighting the disorder's tendency to evade routine screening and the critical need for targeted hemostatic therapy combined with surgical and interventional procedures.

Yu-qing Li, Ting Lei, Zhen-chao Xu, Xiong-ke Hu, Wen-ya Huang, Guang-hui Zhu2026-07-22

📄 medicine

Sex-Specific Temporal Dynamics and Early Warning Signals of Adolescent Suicide Mortality in South Korea: A Nationwide Time-Series Study of Trends, Seasonality, Forecasting, and Lagged Associations With Suicidal Behaviors, 2014–2023

This nationwide time-series study in South Korea reveals that adolescent suicide mortality is rising with distinct sex-specific dynamics, where female suicide planning serves as a significant one-month early warning signal for subsequent deaths, whereas male mortality shows weaker, more dispersed associations requiring broader, continuous prevention strategies.

Eun Sun So, Ji-Young Yeo2026-07-22

📄 medicine

Clinical Utility of a 100 cm² Visceral Fat Area Threshold for MASLD- Compatible Steatosis: A Chinese Discovery Cohort with External Evidence from NHANES

This study establishes that a visceral fat area (VFA) threshold of 100 cm² effectively identifies high-risk individuals for MASLD-compatible steatosis in a Chinese cohort, a finding supported by consistent nonlinear associations in the NHANES population, while noting that physical activity's modifying effect on this relationship remains borderline.

Zhichao Sun, Baocheng Wang2026-07-22

📄 medicine

Long-term outcomes with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy in patients with ovarian cancer: Meta-analysis of 10 randomized trials

This meta-analysis of 10 randomized trials involving 1,508 ovarian cancer patients found that while adding hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) to cytoreductive surgery did not significantly improve overall survival or progression-free survival compared to surgery alone overall, it may offer survival benefits specifically for patients undergoing interval surgery with neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Mohamed Saad Sayed, Mohamed Wagdy, M A. Abdelsamed, Ahmed Farid Gadelmawla, Doaa Mohamed Gabaly, Mohammed Osama Abdelmaw (…)2026-07-22

📄 medicine

Age at menopause, APOE-ε4, and Alzheimer’s disease risk

This study demonstrates that earlier age at menopause significantly amplifies the association between APOE-ε4 carrier status and increased Alzheimer's disease risk, as evidenced by accelerated memory decline, brain atrophy, and pathological biomarker accumulation in postmenopausal women.

Jennifer Rabin, Madeline Wood Alexander, Alexander Nyman, Kaitlin Casaletto, Rowan Saloner, Katie Vandeloo, Tallinn Spli (…)2026-07-22

📄 medicine

BTEX Emissions from Fuel Dispensing Stations in Nigeria: Integrated Assessment of Exposure, Health Risks, Governance Gaps, and Mitigation Pathways In A Systematic Review

This systematic review reveals that fuel dispensing stations in Nigeria pose significant carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risks due to high BTEX exposure levels and widespread governance failures, necessitating urgent implementation of mandatory vapour recovery, enhanced monitoring, and stricter regulatory enforcement.

Oyinkepreye Lucky Bebeteidoh, Tariwari C. N Angaye, Morufu Olalekan Raimi2026-07-22

📄 medicine

Early Neurovascular Disruption Before Macular Edema in Diabetic Retinopathy: Structural OCT Biomarkers and Selective Short-Wavelength Sensitivity Loss

This prospective study demonstrates that in diabetic retinopathy before macular edema develops, structural OCT biomarkers like disorganization of the retinal inner layers and choroidal thinning, alongside selective short-wavelength sensitivity loss, indicate early neurovascular disruption that conventional perimetry fails to detect.

Ezgi Barbarus, Sema Dündar2026-07-22