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Socioeconomic inequalities and determinants of institutional delivery among women in Ethiopia: a cross-sectional analysis of the 2024-2025 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey

Based on the 2024–2025 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey, this study reveals that while 61.3% of women delivered in health facilities, institutional delivery remains significantly concentrated among socioeconomically advantaged women, with wealth, education, and urban residence being key determinants that necessitate targeted equity-focused policies.

Fazle Rabby, Md. Ripul Kabir2026-10-13✓ Author reviewed ⓘ

📄 medicine

Intranasal Human Olfactory Mucosa-Derived Neural Stem Cells Restore Neuroplasticity and Suppress Neuroinflammation in a Rat Model of Chronic Stress-Induced Depression

This study demonstrates that intranasal administration of human olfactory mucosa-derived neural stem cells effectively alleviates chronic stress-induced depression-like behaviors and neuroinflammation in rats by restoring neurogenesis and neuroplasticity, with repeated dosing yielding superior therapeutic outcomes.

Fatemeh Naghizadeh, Somayeh Niknazar, Ali Dadseresht, Elham Seidkhani, Rafieh Alizadeh, Arezo Nahavandi2026-10-13

📄 medicine

Serum Calcium-Phosphate Product and the Risk of Kidney Replacement Therapy or In-Hospital Death in Critically Ill Patients with Rhabdomyolysis: a Multicohort Database Study

This multicohort study demonstrates that higher early serum calcium-phosphate product levels are consistently and significantly associated with an increased risk of requiring kidney replacement therapy or in-hospital death in critically ill adults with rhabdomyolysis.

Zheng Yao, Zhaotao Fang, Shijia Zhu2026-10-13

📄 medicine

Successful Trastuzumab Deruxtecan Treatment After AdjuvantTrastuzumab-Induced Heart Failure: A Case Report

This case report demonstrates that trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd) can be a safe and effective treatment option for recurrent HER2-positive breast cancer in a patient who previously experienced trastuzumab-induced heart failure, provided that cardiac function has sufficiently recovered and is closely monitored.

Hiromi Fuchikami2026-10-13

📄 medicine

Proximate low birth weight in three regions of Ethiopia with high stunting prevalence: Evidence from the 2016 Ethiopian demographic and health survey

Using 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey data, this study reveals a high prevalence of proximate low birth weight (35.9%) in Ethiopia's three most stunted regions, identifying rural residence, specific regional locations, female infant sex, multiple births, and young maternal age as significant risk factors that underscore the need for targeted interventions to address both low birth weight and childhood stunting.

Mesfin Wudu Kassaw, Ayele Mamo Abebe, Kirubel Dagnaw Tegegne, Tewodros Mulugeta Nigussie, Selam Tadele Markos2026-10-13

📄 medicine

The Real-World Experience of Niemann-Pick Disease Type C: Patient and Caregiver Perspectives to Inform Future Therapeutic and Policy Directions

This international cross-sectional survey of patients and caregivers reveals that Niemann-Pick disease Type C imposes a profound multidimensional burden characterized by universal neurological involvement and significant psychosocial strain, while highlighting critical global inequities in diagnosis, fragmented care pathways, and unequal access to therapies that necessitate improved diagnostic awareness and standardized patient-centered outcomes.

Krista Casazza, Sandra Cowie, Toni Mathieson, Justin Hopkin, Shaun Bolton2026-10-13

📄 medicine

Early post-discharge outcomes of children under five years admitted with Diarrhoea in three Regional Referral Hospitals (Amana, Temeke, and Mwananyamala) in Dar es Salaam

This prospective cohort study of 180 children under five in Dar es Salaam found that while high caregiver adherence to treatment and favorable WASH conditions led to significant nutritional recovery and low mortality post-discharge, a notable proportion of children still experienced recurrent diarrhoea and readmissions, highlighting the need for strengthened discharge education and structured follow-up.

Ramadhani Issa Mshuti, Karim Manji2026-10-13

📄 medicine

Structured Modality Dropout for Robust MRI-Based IDH Mutation Classification in Glioma

This study proposes a structured modality dropout training strategy for a 3D ResNet18 model that significantly enhances the robustness and calibration of non-invasive IDH mutation classification in glioma across realistic MRI scenarios where one or more imaging modalities are missing.

Mohisha Mongia, Piyush Gupta, Satya P Singh2026-10-13

📄 medicine

Oral Health Status in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study from Venezuela

This comparative cross-sectional study from Venezuela found that children with autism spectrum disorder exhibited lower dental caries experience and better oral hygiene than neurotypical controls, although these differences were partially influenced by age disparities between the groups.

Mariana Morales, Mery Baute2026-10-13

📄 medicine

The effect of the clinical oriented reasoning examination on anxiety and perceived stress levels in nursing students: A quasi-experimental study

This quasi-experimental study found that while nursing students' state anxiety significantly decreased after taking a clinical oriented reasoning examination, their trait anxiety and perceived stress remained unchanged, suggesting the assessment does not disadvantage students with higher baseline anxiety but highlighting the need for controlled designs to isolate the effects of the exam format.

Banu Terzi, Fatma Dursun Ergezen, Emine Kol2026-10-12

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