Active Cerebrospinal Fluid Exchange with IRRAflow® in Difficult Cerebrospinal Fluid: A Multicenter Italian Retrospective Cohort Study
This multicenter Italian retrospective study demonstrates that IRRAflow®-based active cerebrospinal fluid exchange is a feasible and generally safe real-world intervention for managing difficult CSF in neurocritical care, showing significant clinical improvement despite higher adverse event rates in infectious compared to hemorrhagic cases.