6597 papers
This literature review synthesizes research on childhood adversity and sex-specific adolescent development to demonstrate how their interaction through shared neuroendocrine and inflammatory mechanisms creates distinct pathways for immune dysregulation and long-term health risks in males and females.
Using nationally representative data from the 2022 Somali Integrated Household Budget Survey, this study reveals that while overall substance use (khat, cigarettes, and shisha) in Somalia is low, it is sharply concentrated among working-age men, particularly those who are unemployed or divorced, whereas higher education and female sex serve as significant protective factors.
This observational study demonstrates that excessive daytime sleepiness significantly mediates inhibitory control deficits in patients with frontal lobe epilepsy, suggesting that improving sleep quality could serve as a non-invasive intervention to enhance cognitive outcomes.
This prospective observational study of 102 professional Brazilian K1 kickboxers found a high incidence of musculoskeletal injuries, primarily mild lower-limb contusions caused by roundhouse kicks, while utilizing Multiple Correspondence Analysis to map distinct clustering patterns between injury mechanisms, anatomical regions, and severity levels.
This quasi-experimental study demonstrates that a tailored e-learning intervention significantly reduced presenteeism among employees of a Swiss insurance company, though it failed to produce significant improvements in team health climate, supervision distrust, or musculoskeletal impairments, suggesting that individual-level training alone is insufficient for broader organizational change.
While telephone-based FES-I interviews show good agreement with face-to-face assessments for group-level comparisons in older adults, they yield significantly lower scores and are not equivalent for individual clinical decisions, particularly due to age-related differences and specific item variations.
This study analyzes the Moving to Opportunity experiment to reveal that while receiving a Section 8 voucher improved mental health outcomes for girls by moving them to more affluent neighborhoods, it paradoxically increased mood disorder risks for boys through similar neighborhood changes, highlighting significant sex-specific differences in how neighborhood affluence and racial composition mediate the effects of housing vouchers on psychiatric disorders.
The "End of Average" study aims to transition from a one-size-fits-all approach to personalized obesity treatment by analyzing 600 individuals' diverse baseline profiles and daily behaviors to identify clusters that predict intervention effectiveness and guide tailored lifestyle interventions.
This cross-sectional study reveals significant discrepancies between the actual needs of parents of preterm infants in the NICU and nurses' perceptions of those needs, highlighting the necessity for targeted family-centered care interventions to better align support with parental priorities.
Using nationally representative data from Indian slums, this paper demonstrates that government-led public health measures targeting flies and mosquitoes are significantly more effective at reducing environmental disease morbidity than private household avoidance efforts, a finding that holds specifically for slum areas but not for other urban localities.