TRAF3-Mediated Microglial Reprogramming by Time-Interferential Stimulation Enables Spatioselective Neuronal Rescue Post-Ischemia-Reperfusion
This study demonstrates that non-invasive time-interferential stimulation (TIS) spatioselectively rescues neurons after ischemic stroke by disrupting the TRAF3-TBK1-NLRP3 axis to reprogram microglia from a pro-inflammatory M1 to an anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype, thereby mitigating cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.