803 papers
This study characterizes vaginal *Lactobacillus* isolates from South African women and identifies *L. crispatus* strains as the most promising candidates for a tailored live biotherapeutic due to their superior acidification, low inflammatory response, and population-specific genomic features.
The study determines the 1.2 Å crystal structure of *E. coli* Nissle 1917 flagellin, revealing that its unique hypervariable region and extended linker are critical for bacterial motility and structural stability but are dispensable for TLR5 immune recognition, thereby highlighting a mutational tolerance disparity between motility and immune evasion.
This study reveals that the cellular helicase DDX3X plays a cell-type-specific role in Zika virus replication within human microglia by simultaneously promoting viral protein synthesis and inhibiting RNA synthesis through distinct interactions with the viral 5'UTR and NS5 polymerase, thereby maintaining the homeostasis of the virus's translation-replication cycle.
This study demonstrates that human gut commensal strains inhibit *Clostridium perfringens* growth through substrate competition and modulate the expression of its host-directed virulence factor, the -toxin, thereby supporting microbiome modulation as a strategy to prevent infections.
This study demonstrates that personalized human gut microbiota can drive the selection of antibiotic-resistant *Klebsiella pneumoniae* strains through carbohydrate competition, specifically favoring *glyR* mutations that enhance glycerol utilization, thereby revealing how native microbial contexts influence the fitness and spread of resistance.
This study demonstrates that a single dose of a newly developed, NS1-deficient live attenuated vaccine candidate (LPhTXdNS1) derived from the cattle-origin H5N1 virus is safe, immunogenic, and provides robust protection against lethal challenge in mice, highlighting its potential as an effective pandemic preparedness tool for both humans and animals.
This study reports the first isolation and genomic characterization of ChrysoHV, a unique giant virus infecting chrysophytes in the North Pacific, which features an unprecedented morphology and encodes a rare proteorhodopsin-like rhodopsin alongside other light-sensing and nutrient-related genes acquired through lateral gene transfer from marine bacteria.
This study reveals that *Staphylococcus aureus* utilizes a refunctionalized, high-affinity acyl-CoA synthetase called MbcS to scavenge branched-chain fatty acid precursors under nutrient-limited conditions, thereby conferring a critical fitness advantage during intra-species competition.
This study evaluates the growth and enzymatic characteristics of 28 wild-type *Yarrowia lipolytica* strains isolated from diverse global environments to identify optimal candidates for industrial and food-related applications, highlighting strain SWJ-1b as a superior performer.
This study characterizes the largely unexplored diversity of seed-associated yeasts across nine plant species, revealing that the seed microbiome is dominated by diverse Basidiomycota (particularly Tremellomycetes) rather than Ascomycota, and confirming these taxa as core members of the seed microbiome with significant potential for agricultural applications.
This study presents the Macrogenetic Atlas of Prokaryotes (MAP), a comprehensive resource integrating genomic, population, phylogenetic, and ecological data from thousands of species to reveal how selection-driven mechanisms, such as genetic linkage and epistasis, shape prokaryotic diversity and evolutionary dynamics.
This paper presents a targeted cryo-FIB lift-out workflow that enables the preparation of thin lamellae from vitrified bacteria interacting with titanium nanopillars, facilitating high-resolution cryo-electron tomography to investigate bactericidal mechanisms under native hydrated conditions.
This study identifies the novel fluoroquinolone resistance gene *qrtA* on mobile pELF-type linear plasmids circulating in environmental *Enterococcus* and *Vagococcus* populations in Vietnam, revealing a likely evolutionary pathway from *Vagococcus* chromosomes to clinically relevant enterococci and highlighting the early stages of this gene's global dissemination.
This study proposes that the oral microbiome serves as a practical, non-invasive proxy for estimating enteric methane emissions in grazing livestock, offering a scalable alternative to invasive rumen sampling for breeding low-emission cattle.
This study demonstrates that *Phytophthora agathidicida* DNA is predominantly concentrated in the top 10 cm of kauri forest soil, supporting a shift to shallower sampling protocols that enhance detection sensitivity while minimizing disturbance to fragile root systems.
This paper introduces MODIFI, a novel software tool that detects DNA modifications in metagenomes to successfully link extrachromosomal genetic elements to their specific host strains, thereby overcoming previous scale limitations and enabling new insights into microbial epigenomics.
This study demonstrates that the human commensal bacterium *Enterococcus faecalis* undergoes rapid within-host evolution to metabolize the diet-derived nutrient fructoselysine, thereby depleting this resource and conferring robust colonization resistance against *Salmonella* infection through a conserved, diet-dependent mechanism.
This study identifies phosphoserine aminotransferase (SerC) as an essential metabolic checkpoint and promising drug target in *Mycobacterium tuberculosis*, demonstrating that its disruption severely impairs bacterial growth and intracellular survival by rewiring central carbon and nitrogen metabolism.
This study demonstrates that the ribosomal silencing factor RsfS is essential for *Helicobacter pylori* to survive in low-growth states, form biofilms, and establish chronic infection in the host.
This study demonstrates that human papillomavirus infection initiates with a rapid, actin-dependent transfer of heparan sulfate-coated virions from the extracellular matrix to the entry factor CD151 on the cell surface, a critical early step that precedes the slower, asynchronous internalization driven by glycan and capsid processing.