🦠 Category

microbiology

797 papers

Secretome-Mediated Antimicrobial and Immunomodulatory Activity of Lactobacillus johnsonii Against Multidrug-Resistant Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli

This study demonstrates that *Lactobacillus johnsonii* exerts potent, secretome-dependent antimicrobial and immunomodulatory effects against multidrug-resistant enteroaggregative *Escherichia coli* by inhibiting biofilm formation, displacing bacterial adhesion, and reducing inflammatory markers, thereby supporting its potential as a biotherapeutic candidate for antibiotic-resistant enteric infections.

VASAMSETTI, S. M., G L, M., Khaderbad, Y. + 2 more2026-04-03🦠 microbiology

Particle Swarm Optimization with Random Forest Surrogates Modelling for Rational Design of Antimicrobial Fluoride Toothpaste Formulations against Clinically Significant Oral Pathogens

This study presents a rational design framework that integrates D-optimal mixture experimental design, Random Forest surrogate modeling, and Particle Swarm Optimization to efficiently develop and validate cost-effective antimicrobial fluoride toothpaste formulations with significantly enhanced efficacy against key oral pathogens compared to commercial products.

ASUAI, C., Whilliki, O., Mayor, A. + 9 more2026-04-03🦠 microbiology

A Tissue Virus Microenvironment with Activated Stress Responses Underlies Durable SIV Persistence

This study identifies a distinct, stress-adapted tissue viral microenvironment enriched with immunosuppressive cells and resembling tumor microenvironments as the critical driver of durable SIV persistence in gut-associated lymphoid tissues, suggesting that effective HIV cure strategies must target these supportive tissue architectures alongside infected cells.

Hope, T. J., Crentsil, E. U., Arif, M. S. + 21 more2026-04-03🦠 microbiology

Integrated analysis reveals strong reproducible signals within and across studies of the built environment

By integrating four diverse 16S rRNA datasets and applying a unified sampling ontology, this study demonstrates that the built environment microbiome exhibits strong, reproducible signals characterized by distinct soil-associated taxa on floors and human-associated taxa on hands and surfaces, which persist across different buildings, timepoints, and sequencing protocols without the need for batch correction.

Flemister, A. B., Blakley, I. C., Fodor, A. A.2026-04-03🦠 microbiology

Nucleolar Targeting and ROS-dependent inhibition of rRNA synthesis by Epstein-Barr Virus Nuclear Antigen 1

This study reveals that Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen 1 (EBNA-1) utilizes a cell cycle-dependent bipartite nucleolar localization signal to interact with the host protein EBP2, thereby inducing reactive oxygen species that suppress ribosomal RNA synthesis and global protein production, a mechanism potentially linked to viral-driven cell survival and transformation.

Chabi, M.-M., Aguida, B., Laudat, T. + 9 more2026-04-02🦠 microbiology

Plasmodium Protein Kinase 2 is required for ookinete to oocyst transition, and parasite transmission by the mosquito.

This study demonstrates that Plasmodium Protein Kinase 2 (PK2) is essential for the parasite's transmission by the mosquito, specifically governing the ookinete-to-oocyst transition and subsequent sporozoite development through mechanisms involving altered microneme positioning and phosphorylation-mediated regulation of parasite architecture and gene expression.

Pashley, S. L., Hair, M., Ukegbu, C. V. + 12 more2026-04-02🦠 microbiology

Ion Mobility-Enhanced Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) Enables Reliable Detection of OXA-48-Like Carbapenemases Beyond Conventional Activity-Based Assays

This study demonstrates that liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry coupled with trapped ion mobility spectrometry (LC-MS timsTOF) enables rapid, sensitive, and specific functional detection and class-level differentiation of five clinically relevant carbapenemases, including OXA-48-like enzymes, by utilizing collisional cross-section measurements to identify a unique meropenem-derived marker that overcomes the limitations of conventional activity-based assays.

Studentova, V., Paskova, V., Dadovska, L. + 1 more2026-04-02🦠 microbiology

Synergistic Antibiotic Activity and Integrated Genomic-Metabolomic Profiling of Patch - and Plaque -Derived Staphylococcus aureus in Mycosis Fungoides

This study reveals that *Staphylococcus aureus* isolates from advanced mycosis fungoides lesions exhibit distinct genomic and metabolomic adaptations linked to increased virulence and resistance compared to those from early lesions, while identifying synergistic antibiotic combinations as effective strategies to target these multidrug-resistant strains.

Straub, F. A., Serbin, L. K., Barkani, I. E. + 3 more2026-04-02🦠 microbiology

All-trans retinoic acid recalibrates macrophage transcriptional responses to drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis through strain-specific immunometabolic reprogramming

This study demonstrates that while all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) can recalibrate macrophage immunometabolic responses to drug-susceptible and multidrug-resistant *Mycobacterium tuberculosis* by promoting resolution signaling and preserving antimicrobial pathways, its efficacy is significantly attenuated in extensively drug-resistant strains due to unique immune evasion mechanisms and transcriptional refractoriness.

Roshan Singh, M., Kumar, R., Anand, S. + 8 more2026-04-02🦠 microbiology

The transcription factor Vca0578 (DsvR) mediated expression of ZapC is required to promote cell division during lytic transglycosylase insufficiency in Vibrio cholerae

This study reveals that in *Vibrio cholerae*, the transcription factor Vca0578 (DsvR) promotes cell division under lytic transglycosylase insufficiency or antibiotic stress by upregulating the expression of ZapC, a protein essential for maintaining cell envelope homeostasis and FtsZ-mediated division when cell wall remodeling is compromised.

BASU, U., Weaver, A. I., Lin, N. + 4 more2026-04-02🦠 microbiology

Fungicide drives de novo evolution of multidrug resistance in the plant growth promoting rhizobacterium, Pseudomonas fluorescens

This study demonstrates that exposure to the fungicide Fubol Gold rapidly drives the de novo evolution of multidrug resistance in the beneficial soil bacterium *Pseudomonas fluorescens* via efflux pump overexpression, while combined warming stress accelerates population extinction despite not altering the resistance evolution trajectory.

Kelbrick, M., Hall, J. P., O'Brien, S.2026-04-02🦠 microbiology