📄 Category

nephrology

22 papers

Nephrology focuses on understanding and treating the kidneys, the vital organs responsible for filtering waste from our blood and balancing fluids in the body. This dynamic field tackles everything from common issues like kidney stones and infections to complex chronic diseases that require lifelong management. As researchers push the boundaries of what we know about renal health, new discoveries emerge daily, offering hope for better treatments and prevention strategies.

At Gist.Science, we ensure these advancements reach everyone by curating the latest preprints directly from medRxiv. Our team processes every new submission in this category, transforming dense scientific findings into clear, plain-language summaries alongside detailed technical analyses. This dual approach allows both curious readers and medical professionals to stay informed without getting lost in complex jargon.

Below you will find the most recent preprints covering the latest breakthroughs and studies in kidney health and disease.

📄 nephrology

Switching from febuxostat to dotinurad in patients with chronic kidney disease and hyperuricemia: a single-center, non-randomized study

This single-center, non-randomized study found that switching CKD patients with hyperuricemia from febuxostat to the uricosuric dotinurad increased fractional excretion of uric acid but led to divergent changes in estimated glomerular filtration rate depending on the marker used and a significant rise in serum uric acid levels, highlighting the need for careful renal function monitoring and risk assessment during such treatment transitions.

Irifuku, T., Kashiwado, S., Masaki, T.2026-07-18
📄 nephrology

Microvascular Thrombosis and Acute Kidney Injury in COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Quantitative Analysis

This systematic review and quantitative analysis synthesizes evidence demonstrating a significant association between SARS-CoV-2-related microvascular thrombosis and acute kidney injury, highlighting that such thrombotic events increase the risks of mortality and renal replacement therapy while underscoring the critical role of endothelial dysfunction in COVID-19-associated renal complications.

Duarte, C. A., Uscocovich, V. S. M., Misael, I., Duarte, P. D. A. C., Sestito, E. B., Da SIlva, P. N.2026-07-17
📄 nephrology

Clinical phenotype of familial hypertensive nephropathy

This study characterizes a distinct clinical phenotype of familial hypertensive nephropathy in Turkish Cypriot families lacking pathogenic *COL4A3* or *COL4A4* variants but carrying specific *COL4A4* polymorphisms, suggesting this condition accounts for the high prevalence of renal failure in the Eastern Mediterranean population over 65.

Neild, G., Oygar, D. D., Behlul, A., Atac, S., Yukselis, M., Ozadali, S., Ozdemir, F., Kazan, H. H., Gale, D. P., Gurkan (…)2026-06-26
📄 nephrology

Association between the hemoglobin albumin lymphocyte and platelet score and chronic kidney disease: insights from patient data and animal models

This study demonstrates that lower HALP scores are independently associated with an increased risk of chronic kidney disease and albuminuria, identifying a protective threshold effect and validating these clinical findings through superior discriminative ability compared to other biomarkers and consistent results in a rat nephrectomy model.

Zhang, w., Wang, Y., Ye, W., Wang, Y., Chen, X., Zhao, B., Zhang, X., Chen, z.2026-06-23
📄 nephrology

Population-scale genomics reveals divergent pathogenicity of variant classes across paralogous collagen IV genes

By analyzing population-scale genomic data from the UK Biobank and All of Us, this study reveals that while glycine substitutions in collagen IV genes COL4A3 and COL4A4 confer similar risks, truncating and non-collagenous domain missense variants exhibit divergent pathogenicity that is significantly stronger in COL4A4, challenging the assumption of equivalent disease risk across these paralogous genes.

Tzoumkas, K., Doctor, G. T., Sadeghi-Alavijeh, O., Gale, D. P.2026-06-15
📄 nephrology

Quantifying associations of genotype, proteinuria and eGFR with long-term kidney outcomes in Alport Syndrome using data from the UK National Registry of Rare Kidney Diseases (RaDaR).

This study of the UK National Registry of Rare Kidney Diseases demonstrates that while eGFR decline accelerates with CKD stage in Alport Syndrome, proteinuria levels are the dominant prognostic factor for kidney failure, effectively attenuating outcome differences between genotypes once comparable proteinuria thresholds are reached.

Wong, K., Pitcher, D., Masoud, S., Tzoumkas, K., Branson, A., Oates, T., Gear, S., Russell, H., RaDaR consortium,, Franc (…)2026-06-09
📄 nephrology

Albuminuria Changes as a surrogate endpoint in Apolipoprotein L1 Mediated Kidney Disease in Vanderbilt BioVU and the Million Veteran Program

This study demonstrates that changes in urine albumin-creatinine ratio (UACR) at 12 months significantly predict the rate of GFR decline and the risk of end-stage kidney disease in patients with Apolipoprotein L1-mediated kidney disease, thereby supporting UACR as a valid surrogate endpoint for clinical trials in this population.

Mamak, F., Yu, Z., Triozzi, J. L., Corty, R., Wheless, L., Wang, G., Giri, A., Chen, H. C., Wilson, O. W., Bick, A. G. (…)2026-06-08
📄 nephrology

Regulatory architecture underlying immune dysregulation reconstructed by single-cell multi-omics in lupus nephritis

This study reconstructs the regulatory architecture of immune dysregulation in lupus nephritis by integrating single-cell multi-omics data with genetic analyses to identify cell-type-specific mechanisms, causal genes, and transcription factor networks that link genetic variation to disease pathogenesis.

Zhao, H., Yang, F., Chen, T., Zhang, J., Shi, J., Liu, X., Chen, S., Ma, Z., Liu, S., Fu, X., Kong, N., Zhang, J., Yu, X (…)2026-05-07
📄 nephrology

Getting to the cause of Chronic Kidney Disease of unknown cause (CKDu): Research protocol and baseline results

This paper outlines a research protocol and baseline results for a prospective multi-regional study in Nicaragua, South India, and Sri Lanka aimed at identifying the environmental and occupational causes—specifically metals, agrochemicals, infections, and heat/dehydration—of the epidemic of Chronic Kidney Disease of unknown cause (CKDu) affecting agricultural communities in low-and-middle-income countries.

Gonzalez-Quiroz, M., Aragon, A., Kaur, P., Murali, S., Sakhthivel, M., Ruwanpathirana, T., Chulasiri, P., Gunawardena, N (…)2026-05-01
📄 nephrology

The population frequency of predicted pathogenic variants in the genes associated with Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Liver Disease (ADPLD) and kidney cysts

This study estimates that predicted pathogenic variants in genes associated with Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Liver Disease (ADPLD) occur in approximately 1 in 95 to 1 in 151 individuals within the general population, with higher frequencies observed in admixed American, Finnish, and African/African American groups compared to Europeans, despite the condition's variable penetrance and expressivity.

Varughese, S., Huang, M., Savige, J.2026-04-16