98 papers
Neurology explores the intricate workings of the brain and nervous system, tackling everything from memory and movement to complex conditions like epilepsy and Alzheimer's. This field seeks to understand how our minds function and what happens when that delicate machinery falters, aiming to improve lives through better diagnosis and treatment.
At Gist.Science, we make the latest research from medRxiv accessible to everyone. We process every new preprint in this category, offering both straightforward plain-language explanations and detailed technical summaries so you can grasp the science at your own pace. Below are the latest papers in neurology, ready for you to explore.
This longitudinal MRI study demonstrates that a single episode of status epilepticus causes measurable, progressive structural brain damage—particularly hippocampal atrophy and cortical thinning—that exceeds normal aging or underlying epilepsy, with the severity of injury being most strongly driven by seizure duration and independently amplified by convulsive semiology and impaired consciousness.
This proof-of-principle study demonstrates that continuous, cycle-by-cycle phase-locked transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) of the motor cortex, unlike single-pulse protocols, achieves precise real-time alignment with essential tremor oscillations to induce bidirectional, phase-dependent modulation of tremor amplitude, thereby establishing a scalable framework for personalized, non-invasive neuromodulation therapies.
This study demonstrates that serum troponin T and neurofilament light chain serve as complementary biomarkers in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, with troponin T robustly reflecting disease accumulation across all phases while neurofilament light chain specifically indicates disease aggressiveness, thereby supporting an integrated approach for improved patient stratification and clinical trial design.
This study demonstrates that the alpha-synuclein seed amplification assay effectively distinguishes LRRK2 p.Gly2019Ser variant carriers with Parkinson's disease from unaffected carriers and reveals a significant association between increased mitochondrial genetic burden and alpha-synuclein seeding.
This study demonstrates that a fully automated 3D deep learning model achieves high accuracy and generalizability in segmenting meningiomas on multiparametric MRI, outperforming reference annotations in clinical plausibility while enabling rapid workflow integration.
The Project PAIR-PSP study presents the largest systematically profiled Indian cohort of 1,035 Progressive Supranuclear Palsy patients, revealing a diverse phenotypic distribution with a high frequency of non-Richardson's variants, distinct clinical trajectories across subtypes, and limited pharmacological response to levodopa.
This study identifies cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) TDP-43 as a promising novel biomarker for limbic-predominant age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy (LATE), demonstrating that its levels are disproportionately elevated in LATE patients compared to controls, ALS, and Alzheimer's disease, while remaining distinct from the typical Alzheimer's biomarker profile.
This study demonstrates that an affordable solar-powered photovoltaic-battery microgrid can reliably support the operation of an ultra-low-field portable MRI system in a rural Zimbabwean clinic, offering a viable blueprint for expanding diagnostic healthcare access in resource-limited settings.
This longitudinal study of older adults undergoing major surgery reveals that postoperative delirium and delayed resolution of interleukin-6 inflammation are significantly associated with one-year structural brain changes, specifically volume loss in the right hippocampus and putamen, as well as cortical thinning in the right superior parietal cortex.
This study demonstrates that a deep learning model can accurately synthesize clinically informative tau-PET scans from widely available MRI, blood biomarkers, and demographic data, offering a scalable and cost-effective alternative for estimating Alzheimer's disease tau pathology.