98 papers
Neurology explores the intricate workings of the brain and nervous system, tackling everything from memory and movement to complex conditions like epilepsy and Alzheimer's. This field seeks to understand how our minds function and what happens when that delicate machinery falters, aiming to improve lives through better diagnosis and treatment.
At Gist.Science, we make the latest research from medRxiv accessible to everyone. We process every new preprint in this category, offering both straightforward plain-language explanations and detailed technical summaries so you can grasp the science at your own pace. Below are the latest papers in neurology, ready for you to explore.
This study demonstrates that APOE isoforms differentially regulate astrocytic engulfment of synapses, with APOE4 promoting the highest phagocytic activity and the protective APOE3Ch variant failing to reduce this engulfment, suggesting that synapse phagocytosis is not the primary mechanism behind APOE3Ch's protective effect against Alzheimer's disease.
This protocol outlines a pre-post single-arm trial in Pakistan evaluating the effectiveness of an eight-week, digitally delivered multicomponent intervention on enhancing self-efficacy among primary caregivers of children with Spinal Muscular Atrophy and Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy.
This ENIGMA-Epilepsy study of over 2,000 individuals reveals that while epilepsy is associated with accelerated brain structural ageing, this effect is significantly exacerbated in countries with lower GDP per capita and higher income inequality, highlighting the critical influence of global socioeconomic context on neuroanatomical outcomes.
This study demonstrates that a single session of cortico-cortical paired associative stimulation (ccPAS) targeting the supplementary motor area and primary motor cortex significantly increases SMA-M1 facilitation in individuals with tremor-dominant Parkinson's disease, although this neurophysiological change did not translate into a reduction in tremor severity.
By implementing a reproducibility-driven framework across multiple cohorts, this study identifies and validates a robust 11-protein cerebrospinal fluid signature (PPAV11) that demonstrates superior diagnostic accuracy, prognostic capacity, and cross-context stability for Alzheimer's disease compared to previously published biomarkers.
This real-world study of 259 multiple system atrophy patients reveals that neurogenic orthostatic hypotension is frequently underrecognized and undertreated, leading to severe functional limitations and a high reliance on caregiver support despite pharmacotherapy.
This study demonstrates that multivariate analysis of quantitative MRI maps is more sensitive than univariate approaches in detecting widespread, coordinated age-related microstructural changes involving myelin, iron, and water content across multiple brain regions, despite reduced sensitivity upon cross-validation.
This paper introduces a training-free, cross-lingual method that quantifies dysarthria severity by measuring the degradation of phonological feature subspaces in frozen self-supervised speech representations using only healthy control data, thereby providing clinically interpretable profiles across multiple languages and etiologies without requiring labeled pathological speech.
This study demonstrates that multivariate resting-state EEG network measures, particularly when enhanced by epoch-wise averaging, can significantly distinguish between non-lesional epilepsy and functional dissociative seizures with a maximum balanced accuracy of 67.5%, offering a potential clinical tool for improving diagnostic accuracy prior to treatment initiation.
This study demonstrates that idiopathic hypersomnia is characterized by a distinct pattern of autonomic dysfunction, including pronounced orthostatic tachycardia, frequent sudomotor abnormalities, and reduced parasympathetic activity during sleep, which objectively distinguishes it from type 1 narcolepsy and healthy controls.