🧠 Category

neurology

153 papers

Neurology explores the intricate workings of the brain and nervous system, tackling everything from memory and movement to complex conditions like epilepsy and Alzheimer's. This field seeks to understand how our minds function and what happens when that delicate machinery falters, aiming to improve lives through better diagnosis and treatment.

At Gist.Science, we make the latest research from medRxiv accessible to everyone. We process every new preprint in this category, offering both straightforward plain-language explanations and detailed technical summaries so you can grasp the science at your own pace. Below are the latest papers in neurology, ready for you to explore.

🧠 neurology

6-Month Recovery after Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in Older Adults: A TRACK-GERI Study

This prospective cohort study of older adults with mild traumatic brain injury reveals that while younger and cognitively unimpaired patients generally achieve favorable 6-month functional outcomes, those who are oldest-old or have pre-injury cognitive impairment face significantly higher risks of mortality and chronic disability, underscoring the need for age-stratified prognostication and inclusive clinical trial designs.

Rosen Lang, Y., Puccio, A., Yuh, E. L., Lombardi, D., Kuang, K., Diaz Nelson, M., Boscardin, W. J., Huie, J. R., Yaffe (…)2026-06-29
🧠 neurology

Endothelial Microvesicles: A Plasma Biomarker of Futile Recanalization Post Intravenous Thrombolysis in Patients with Stroke

This prospective study of 195 acute ischemic stroke patients treated with rtPA demonstrates that plasma endothelial microvesicle levels, particularly at baseline and 24 hours post-treatment, serve as significant biomarkers for predicting both early and late futile recanalization.

Zhang, H., Xu, X., Zhou, Z., Chen, Y., Liao, Z., Wu, J., Xian, J., Zhong, W., Ma, X.2026-06-29
🧠 neurology

Stratified cohorts for biomarker assessment and trial readiness: TMEM175, SCARB2 and CTSB in Parkinson's disease

This study demonstrates that genetic variants in lysosomal-related genes (TMEM175, SCARB2, and CTSB) significantly influence biomarker profiles, including cognitive function, enzyme activity, and sphingolipid levels, in Parkinson's disease patients, thereby providing a genetic and biochemical framework for patient stratification and therapeutic monitoring in future clinical trials.

Sun, W., Wurster, I., Roeben, B., Kemmner, R., Mielke, M., Zetterberg, H., Lerche, S., Hauser, A.-K., Schulte, C., Parch (…)2026-06-25
🧠 neurology

SenseCheQ: Home-based Nerve Function Self-Assessment using Autonomous Quantitative Sensory Testing

This paper introduces SenseCheQ, a home-based autonomous quantitative sensory testing device featuring novel thermo-haptic integration that enables patients undergoing chemotherapy to self-monitor nerve function with high precision, demonstrating its ability to detect neuropathy changes and align with patient-reported outcomes.

Gausden, J., Dujmovic, M., Dunham, J. P., Thakkar, B., Bennet, T., Burgess, C., Young, A., Whittaker, R. G., Robinson, T (…)2026-06-24
🧠 neurology

The Target ALS Global Natural History Study: Cross-platform proteomics to accelerate biofluid biomarker and drug target discovery in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

This study utilizes cross-platform proteomics to analyze cerebrospinal fluid and plasma from the Target ALS Global Natural History Study, identifying numerous differentially expressed proteins and validating the resource's potential to accelerate biomarker discovery and drug target identification in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Yasui, D., Weatherill, D., Dugom, L., Weiner, S., Gopalakrishnan, L., Tran, H., Oskarsson, B., Nagle, K., Miller, T., Gu (…)2026-06-23
🧠 neurology

Intra-arterial recombinant human TNK tissue-type plasminogen activator (rhTNK-tPA) thrombolysis for acute medium vessel occlusion (MeVO-TNK): Study rationale and design

The MeVO-TNK trial is a prospective, randomized, phase II study designed to preliminarily evaluate the efficacy and safety of intra-arterial tenecteplase plus standard medical therapy versus standard medical therapy alone for patients with acute medium vessel occlusion stroke, while exploring a stepwise dosing strategy to address current evidence gaps in this population.

Deng, G., Liu, C.-C., Wang, Y.-H., Ao, D.-H., Huang, H., Xie, Y., Zhang, Y., Kong, Q.-Q., Lan, L.-N., Li, P.-X., Qin, T. (…)2026-06-18
🧠 neurology

Epileptogenicity alters intrahippocampal ripple propagation

This study demonstrates that intrahippocampal ripple propagation is proportionally greater in less-irritative non-seizure onset zone tissue compared to epileptogenic regions, suggesting that ripple signals exist on a continuous physiological-to-pathological spectrum and that propagation metrics could serve as a novel tool for quantifying hippocampal epileptogenicity.

Chen, Y., Ye, H., Ye, L., Chen, C., Staba, R. J., Wang, S., Weiss, S. A.2026-06-16
🧠 neurology

Influence of comorbid diabetes mellitus on outcomes in multiple sclerosis: an English population-based matched cohort study

This English population-based matched cohort study reveals that adults with multiple sclerosis have more than double the risk of developing diabetes mellitus compared to matched controls, and the onset of diabetes in this group is significantly associated with increased hospitalization rates, longer hospital stays, and higher all-cause mortality, underscoring the critical need for equitable screening and management of diabetes in people with MS.

Lau, Y., Zabihi, S., Hartmann, M., Mathlin, G., Banerjee, S., Marouf, E., Hadley, C., Cooper, C., Dobson, R.2026-06-10
🧠 neurology

Three-Month Observational Data for the MPS IIIB Sentinel Subject Following AAV9 Mediated Gene Therapy

A single intracerebroventricular infusion of the AAV9-mediated gene therapy RDGT-101 was safe and well-tolerated in a child with MPS IIIB, resulting in near-normalized enzyme activity, significant reduction in urinary heparan sulfate, and marked improvements in somatic, neurocognitive, and hematological parameters within three months.

Ma, X., Gu, R., Ma, W., Xu, Q., Wang, R., Wang, W., Liang, M., Liu, X., Yang, X., Zhuang, L., Zhang, W., Zeng, X., Xu, J (…)2026-06-09
🧠 neurology

Synapse loss in Progressive Supranuclear Palsy post-mortem reflects clinical and pathological disease severity and 11C-UCB-J PET in vivo

This study validates [11C]UCB-J PET as a reliable in vivo biomarker for synaptic density in Progressive Supranuclear Palsy by demonstrating a strong correlation between post-mortem histological synapse loss, tau pathology, and clinical severity with ante-mortem PET imaging signals.

Nolan, G., Holland, N., Yang, S. W., Dall'O, G. M., Chen, Q., Allinson, K., Savulich, G., Halliday, K., Naessens, M., Ho (…)2026-06-09