98 papers
Neurology explores the intricate workings of the brain and nervous system, tackling everything from memory and movement to complex conditions like epilepsy and Alzheimer's. This field seeks to understand how our minds function and what happens when that delicate machinery falters, aiming to improve lives through better diagnosis and treatment.
At Gist.Science, we make the latest research from medRxiv accessible to everyone. We process every new preprint in this category, offering both straightforward plain-language explanations and detailed technical summaries so you can grasp the science at your own pace. Below are the latest papers in neurology, ready for you to explore.
This study demonstrates that ultra-low-field portable MRI is feasible for generating accurate volumetric brain measurements in patients receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), with results comparable to conventional MRI despite the presence of ECMO circuitry.
This study demonstrates that normative modelling of brain volume using a large healthy reference cohort reveals heterogeneous, deep grey matter-centric atrophy patterns in multiple sclerosis patients that are significantly associated with disability accumulation, supporting the use of population-referenced MRI metrics for individualized phenotyping and risk stratification.
This retrospective case series of eight patients demonstrates that using low-cost 3D-printed molds to fabricate customized polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) implants is a feasible, effective, and accessible technique for cranial reconstruction, particularly in resource-limited settings, achieving high aesthetic success rates without major complications.
This study demonstrates that while 9.4T MRI did not reveal new epileptogenic lesions in drug-resistant focal epilepsy patients with negative 3T scans, its high-resolution T2*-weighted imaging enabled the quantitative profiling of the "black line sign" in focal cortical dysplasias, offering potential benefits for refining surgical targeting.
This systematic review and meta-analysis synthesizes human evidence to suggest that gut microbiome dysbiosis, characterized by reduced alpha diversity and specific microbial taxa alterations, is associated with intracranial aneurysm rupture and vascular inflammation, though further prospective research is needed to establish causality and clinical utility.
This study analyzed rare variants in 44 dystonia-related genes across large Parkinson's disease cohorts and concluded that while no significant association was found for overall PD risk, exploratory signals in early-onset PD were driven by small variant counts and require further replication.
This study demonstrates that beyond traditional motor symptoms, the predictability of OFF episodes is the most significant factor explaining the functional impact of OFF time in Parkinson's disease, suggesting that assessing this temporal feature could improve therapeutic tailoring.
This nationwide descriptive study of 7,856 Japanese patients with Wernicke encephalopathy from 2010 to 2023 reveals a significant shift toward high-dose thiamine treatment over time, yet highlights that despite early intervention and low in-hospital mortality, a substantial proportion of patients still experience functional impairment at discharge, underscoring the need for further research on optimal dosing and prevention.
This study demonstrates that serial cerebrospinal fluid alpha-synuclein seed amplification assay results exhibit high intra-individual consistency over time across Parkinson's disease, prodromal, and healthy control participants in the Parkinson's Progression Marker Initiative.
This study identifies specific structural and functional connectomic signatures—characterized by enhanced connectivity to motor/sensory cortices and a precise lesion location at the VIM-VO-VC interface—that predict durable tremor control in Parkinson's disease patients undergoing MRgFUS thalamotomy, thereby supporting the development of network-guided targeting strategies.