1313 papers
Neuroscience explores the intricate machinery of the brain and nervous system, seeking to understand how we think, feel, and move. From the microscopic dance of individual neurons to the complex networks that shape our memories and behaviors, this field peels back the layers of our biological selves to reveal the origins of consciousness and disease.
At Gist.Science, we bring these discoveries directly from bioRxiv, the leading preprint server for biological sciences, to a broader audience. We process every new neuroscience preprint as it is uploaded, transforming dense academic manuscripts into clear, plain-language explanations alongside detailed technical summaries. This ensures that both curious readers and specialists can stay current with the latest breakthroughs before they are formally published.
Below are the latest neuroscience papers we have processed from bioRxiv, offering fresh insights into the workings of the mind.
This study presents the first systematic in-vivo visualization of short-range prefrontal connections in humans by integrating primate tract-tracing data with high-resolution probabilistic tractography, successfully mapping 91 histologically-defined pathways in over 1,000 individuals with high precision and accuracy.
This study demonstrates that a reinforcement learning model, which learns face perception through environmental feedback rather than ground-truth labels, accounts for human neural responses in face-selective regions as effectively as traditional supervised and unsupervised deep learning models.
Using fast periodic visual stimulation with EEG, this study demonstrates that while both pictures and words of a reference category are automatically discriminated from distractors, they exhibit opposite neural responses to semantic distance, with pictures showing stronger activation for distant concepts and words showing stronger activation for closely related concepts.
This study demonstrates that both genetic disruption and pharmacological blockade of the MSH3 Y245/K246 IDL binding pocket significantly inhibit CAG repeat expansion in Huntington's disease models, suggesting this mechanism as a promising therapeutic target.
This study demonstrates that subjective prior expectations, rather than objective probabilities, directly bias the perceived aversiveness of salient sounds and modulate associated neural responses (P3, LPP, and alpha-beta oscillations), highlighting the critical role of top-down processing in shaping emotional perception.
This study identifies specific RNA-binding proteins (RBFOX1/2/3, CELF4, HNRNPR, and nELAVL) that regulate local synaptic translation as key convergent mechanisms linking schizophrenia genetic risk to post-transcriptional control of synaptic function.
By combining high-sensitivity force measurements with real-time in vivo microscopy, this study quantifies the mechanics of microscale probe insertion into brain tissue, revealing that blood vessel rupture can be entirely avoided for probes under 25 µm through displacement rather than tearing, thereby establishing a three-zone model and design rules for low-trauma neural interfaces.
This study demonstrates that glucose concentration in neuronal culture media significantly influences PINK1-dependent mitophagy in human induced neurons, with BrainPhys medium reducing glucose availability and PINK1 protein levels, thereby impairing both basal and stress-induced mitophagy compared to N2B27 medium.
This study demonstrates that cortical motor activity in newborns is coupled with respiratory phases, particularly during inspiration, and that stronger cortico-respiratory coupling is associated with a reduced rate of apnoea, suggesting a functional role for the cortex in regulating breathing and mitigating this common neonatal pathology.
This study demonstrates that the recruitment of endocytic proteins to the periactive zone of nerve terminals is a constitutive process that occurs independently of active zone assembly and synaptic activity.