1313 papers
Neuroscience explores the intricate machinery of the brain and nervous system, seeking to understand how we think, feel, and move. From the microscopic dance of individual neurons to the complex networks that shape our memories and behaviors, this field peels back the layers of our biological selves to reveal the origins of consciousness and disease.
At Gist.Science, we bring these discoveries directly from bioRxiv, the leading preprint server for biological sciences, to a broader audience. We process every new neuroscience preprint as it is uploaded, transforming dense academic manuscripts into clear, plain-language explanations alongside detailed technical summaries. This ensures that both curious readers and specialists can stay current with the latest breakthroughs before they are formally published.
Below are the latest neuroscience papers we have processed from bioRxiv, offering fresh insights into the workings of the mind.
This study reveals that aging selectively impairs dopamine-glutamate co-releasing neurons, which constitute the majority of dopaminergic projections to the lateral entorhinal cortex, leading to weakened dopamine signaling and reduced synthesis capacity without widespread axonal degeneration.
This study demonstrates that voluntary decisions, like perceptual ones, are formed through a graded neural accumulation process indexed by the centro-parietal positivity (CPP) and motor readiness indexed by Mu/Beta amplitudes, with no reliable neural differences observed between voluntary and forced choice conditions.
Using event-related fMRI, this study provides the first direct neuroimaging evidence for the integration-segregation theory of exogenous attention by identifying dissociable neural substrates, where cued targets engage frontoparietal networks for integration and uncued targets activate medial temporal regions for segregation.
This study reveals that mice transition from slow, plasticity-dependent value learning to rapid, inference-based value computation through basolateral amygdala (BLA) dynamics, a mechanism successfully modeled by recurrent neural networks that shift from weight updates to state-based inference.
By applying Gaussian Process methods to analyze four-dimensional tuning curves of grid cells in freely foraging rats, this study reveals that position and velocity tuning are often non-separable, a complex interaction that remains undetected in traditional two-dimensional analyses.
Through two preregistered experiments and computational modeling, this study demonstrates that individuals can maintain both cognitive and motor performance under painful stimulation by actively mobilizing increased effort, a compensatory mechanism where subjective pain drives effort expenditure rather than stimulus intensity alone.
This study demonstrates that NRXN1 exhibits gene-dosage sensitivity, where bi-allelic deletions in exon 19 cause severe molecular, synaptic, and functional deficits in iPSC-derived neurons, whereas mono-allelic deletions result in only modest phenotypic changes.
This study demonstrates that high-resolution cardiac contractility, measured via trans-radial electrical bioimpedance velocimetry (TREV), serves as a superior physiological marker for linking sympathetic nervous system activity to neural modulation in specific brain regions, emotional intensity, and adaptive motor responses during threat anticipation compared to traditional skin conductance measures.
This study demonstrates that the loss of the chromatin remodeler Brg1 increases seizure susceptibility in zebrafish by selectively disrupting the GABAergic inhibitory system, a mechanism that can be mitigated by pharmacological enhancement of GABA levels or treatment with active vitamin B6.
In a sham-controlled study of 42 participants, theta-otDCS over the left posterior parietal cortex selectively improved object-location memory, with the magnitude of these effects varying significantly based on individual cognitive profiles through both magnification (benefiting faster processors) and compensation (benefiting those with lower mnemonic binding or reasoning abilities) mechanisms.