🧠 Category

neuroscience

1541 papers

Neuroscience explores the intricate machinery of the brain and nervous system, seeking to understand how we think, feel, and move. From the microscopic dance of individual neurons to the complex networks that shape our memories and behaviors, this field peels back the layers of our biological selves to reveal the origins of consciousness and disease.

At Gist.Science, we bring these discoveries directly from bioRxiv, the leading preprint server for biological sciences, to a broader audience. We process every new neuroscience preprint as it is uploaded, transforming dense academic manuscripts into clear, plain-language explanations alongside detailed technical summaries. This ensures that both curious readers and specialists can stay current with the latest breakthroughs before they are formally published.

Below are the latest neuroscience papers we have processed from bioRxiv, offering fresh insights into the workings of the mind.

🧠 neuroscience

Permutation-calibrated stability discovery under ???? >> ????: A leak-controlled Machine Learning framework identifies candidate proteomics panels in antiseizure medication-related side effects

This study introduces a leak-controlled machine learning framework that utilizes permutation-calibrated stability selection to identify robust candidate proteomics panels associated with antiseizure medication-related CNS side effects in epilepsy patients, revealing immune and inflammatory pathways as key modulators while overcoming the limitations of standard multiple testing in high-dimensional, low-sample datasets.

Hosseini Ashtiani, S., Akel, S., Karlander, M., Zelano, J.2026-03-19
🧠 neuroscience

Sequential narrative binding by hippocampal CA2/3 sustains lifespan episodic detail retrieval

This study demonstrates that focal hippocampal CA2/3 damage causes time-invariant deficits in episodic detail retrieval across the lifespan by impairing sequential narrative binding, thereby challenging classical systems consolidation theories and supporting a model of parallel hippocampal-cortical contributions to long-term memory.

Miller, T. D., Zhou, J. H., Handel, A. E., Pollak, T. A., Gowland, P. A., Antoniades, C. A., Zandi, M. S., Rosenthal, C. (…)2026-03-19
🧠 neuroscience

Beyond where: When and how brain stimulation drives state transitions

This study demonstrates that personalized whole-brain Hopf models fitted to MEG data reveal that optimal brain stimulation targets for state transitions are determined by individual dynamical regimes—specifically oscillation radius, temporal variability, and frequency-dependent network properties—rather than by static functional anatomical labels.

Acero-Pousa, I., Bonetti, L., Rosso, M., Sanz Perl, Y., Kringelbach, M. L., Vuust, P., Deco, G.2026-03-19
🧠 neuroscience

Structural and Functional Connectivity Predict the Effects of Direct Brain Stimulation on Memory

This study demonstrates that the efficacy of intracranial brain stimulation in enhancing episodic memory depends not only on the timing of delivery but also on whether the stimulation target is structurally embedded within a specific fronto-temporo-parietal network relevant to verbal encoding.

Zhang, Q., Ezzyat, Y., Cao, R., Javidi, S. S., Sperling, M. R., Kahana, M. J., Tracy, J. I., Herz, N.2026-03-19
🧠 neuroscience

Mapping Individualized Dual-Axis Network Topology in Focal Epilepsy: Divergent Alterations in System Integrity, Integration, and Clinical Correlates

This study introduces an individualized dual-axis network framework for focal epilepsy that reveals distinct topological phenotypes—correspondence disruption linked to neurocognitive deficits and k-hubness reconfigurations tied to clinical features—across diverse patient cohorts.

Zhang, Q., Dascal, A., Javidi, S. S., Ankeeta, A., Sperling, M. R., Zhang, Z., Tracy, J. I.2026-03-19
🧠 neuroscience

Beyond Aging, Sex and Insomnia Disorder Shape NREM Brain Oscillations

This study demonstrates that beyond the effects of aging, chronic insomnia and sex independently shape NREM brain oscillations, with females suffering from insomnia exhibiting reduced spindle and slow oscillation density as well as lower sigma power compared to their male counterparts, potentially explaining their higher vulnerability to and severity of insomnia.

Walsh, N., Perrault, A. A., Cross, N., Maltezos, A., Phillips, E.-M., Barbaux, L., Weiner, O., Dyment, C., Borgetto, F. (…)2026-03-19