1541 papers
Neuroscience explores the intricate machinery of the brain and nervous system, seeking to understand how we think, feel, and move. From the microscopic dance of individual neurons to the complex networks that shape our memories and behaviors, this field peels back the layers of our biological selves to reveal the origins of consciousness and disease.
At Gist.Science, we bring these discoveries directly from bioRxiv, the leading preprint server for biological sciences, to a broader audience. We process every new neuroscience preprint as it is uploaded, transforming dense academic manuscripts into clear, plain-language explanations alongside detailed technical summaries. This ensures that both curious readers and specialists can stay current with the latest breakthroughs before they are formally published.
Below are the latest neuroscience papers we have processed from bioRxiv, offering fresh insights into the workings of the mind.
Despite extensive attempts using chemical compounds and genetic manipulation, the Olfr151 odorant receptor promoter remains inactive in mouse embryonic stem cells, indicating that a specific transcriptional machinery unique to the olfactory sensory neuron lineage is required for its activation.
This study reveals that the RNA-binding protein PTBP1 not only regulates human neural stem cell self-renewal and differentiation through diverse cellular mechanisms but also functions as a novel intercellular signaling molecule that is transferred between cells via tunneling nanotubes and extracellular vesicles to orchestrate fetal neurogenesis.
This paper demonstrates that durable, irreversible behavioral divergence in artificial agents emerges only when learning is consolidated into internal parameters rather than relying on external scaffolding, revealing a critical architectural gap where current systems preserve designer-specified viability but fail to discover endogenous states essential for their own persistence.
This fMRI study challenges the dual-hub theory by demonstrating that taxonomic and thematic semantic processing rely on overlapping brain regions with a thematic bias that is modulated by task demands, while aging induces a shift toward thematic processing and increased neural recruitment that preserves accuracy at the cost of efficiency.
This study identifies a previously uncharacterized GABAergic projection from the ventral tegmental area to the ventral pallidum that stably encodes unconditioned reward value independent of associative learning, tracks internal physiological states, and directly biases value-based decision-making in mice.
This study identifies the histone acetyltransferase KAT7 as a critical epigenetic regulator that drives Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis by activating Cmpk2-mediated mitochondrial DNA synthesis and subsequent neuroinflammatory signaling in microglia, establishing KAT7 inhibition as a promising therapeutic strategy to reduce amyloid burden and restore cognitive function.
By combining hierarchical drift-diffusion modelling with behavioural manipulations, this study demonstrates that semantic representations in visual working memory are more readily accessible than perceptual details, particularly when representations fall outside the focus of attention or face interference, suggesting a shift toward abstract, long-term memory-like formats under limited attentional support.
This paper introduces a conditional graph variational autoencoder framework that utilizes over 20,000 UK Biobank subjects to generate high-fidelity reconstructions of brain functional connectivity while identifying interpretable latent axes associated with biological sex and fluid intelligence.
This study demonstrates that high-level representations of a partner's actions and movement costs rapidly modulate involuntary visuomotor feedback responses within 180–230 ms, revealing that the sensorimotor system integrates social considerations into fast, reflexive motor control to facilitate seamless joint coordination.
This PRISMA-compliant systematic review and meta-analysis of 40 studies reveals that while rats exhibit robust individual-level paw preference, they lack a universal species-wide directional bias, with findings showing only modest variations across strains, test types, sex, and age.