🧠 Category

neuroscience

1829 papers

Neuroscience explores the intricate machinery of the brain and nervous system, seeking to understand how we think, feel, and move. From the microscopic dance of individual neurons to the complex networks that shape our memories and behaviors, this field peels back the layers of our biological selves to reveal the origins of consciousness and disease.

At Gist.Science, we bring these discoveries directly from bioRxiv, the leading preprint server for biological sciences, to a broader audience. We process every new neuroscience preprint as it is uploaded, transforming dense academic manuscripts into clear, plain-language explanations alongside detailed technical summaries. This ensures that both curious readers and specialists can stay current with the latest breakthroughs before they are formally published.

Below are the latest neuroscience papers we have processed from bioRxiv, offering fresh insights into the workings of the mind.

🧠 neuroscience

Shared brain basis for altered self-referential processing across psychiatric disorders? A systematic review and meta-analysis of neuroimaging studies

This systematic review and meta-analysis of neuroimaging studies suggests that altered self-referential processing across psychiatric disorders may involve a shared transdiagnostic neural mechanism characterized by hypoactivation of the right precuneus and hyperactivation of the right inferior frontal gyrus, though the authors caution that current evidence remains preliminary and calls for further coordinated data collection.

Zhu, S., Yan, W.-J., Chuan-Peng, H.2026-03-17
🧠 neuroscience

Non-invasive measurement of neurotransmitter-specific glucose metabolism in the human brain using proton-observed proton-edited 13C-MRS (POPE13C-MRS)

This paper introduces POPE-13C-MRS, a clinically compatible, non-invasive method using standard MRI hardware to selectively measure glutamate, GABA, and lactate metabolism in the human brain, thereby enabling the study of excitatory-inhibitory balance in neurological and psychiatric disorders.

Cherix, A., Haermson, O., Tachrount, M., Campbell, J., Clarke, W. T., Tyler, D., Lerch, J., Stagg, C. J.2026-03-17
🧠 neuroscience

In vivo motor unit decoding and in vitro cellular characterisation of spinal circuits for urination in adult mice

This study integrates in vivo motor unit decoding with in vitro cellular characterization to reveal the hierarchical recruitment patterns, distinct biophysical properties, and local circuit architecture governing perineal motor control during urination in adult mice, while demonstrating the inhibitory mechanism of tibial nerve stimulation on the external urethral sphincter.

Ozyurt, M. G., Nascimento, F., Pascual-Valdunciel, A., Dhillon, K., Bansal, V., Brownstone, R. M., Beato, M.2026-03-17
🧠 neuroscience

Beyond Neural Noise: Critical Dynamics Predict Slower Reaction Times in Adults With and Without ADHD

This study challenges the traditional view of neural variability as random noise by demonstrating that slower reaction times in both adults with and without ADHD are preceded by a shift toward critical dynamics, suggesting that increased variability reflects structured, meaningful neural processes rather than signal degradation, while also highlighting the limitations of between-subject correlations in inferring such mechanisms.

DallaVecchia, A., Zink, N., O'Connell, S. R., Betts, S. S., Noah, S., Hillberg, A., Oliva, M. T., Reid, R. C., Cohen, M. (…)2026-03-17
🧠 neuroscience

Impaired motor activity in a CRISPR SCA5 L253P knock-in mouse is associated with selective beta-III-spectrin subcellular redistribution in the cerebellum

This study characterizes a CRISPR-generated SCA5 L253P knock-in mouse model that exhibits impaired motor activity and selective cerebellar redistribution of beta-III-spectrin, leading to disrupted synaptic signaling and providing a platform for future therapeutic development.

Avery, A. W., O'Callaghan, B. L., Thiel, M. T., Denha, S. A., O'Callaghan, D. G., Cismas, E. M., Lamp, J., Orr, H. T., H (…)2026-03-17
🧠 neuroscience

Heightened Distraction under Competition in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

This study demonstrates that individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder exhibit heightened visuocortical distraction and reduced attentional engagement when processing affective and disorder-relevant cues compared to controls, as evidenced by steady-state visual evoked potentials and the distraction under competition model.

McCain, K. J., Ayomen, E., Mirifar, A., Simpson Martin, H., Demeterfi, D., McNeil, D. J., DePamphilis, G., Hatem, R., Ne (…)2026-03-17