1541 papers
Neuroscience explores the intricate machinery of the brain and nervous system, seeking to understand how we think, feel, and move. From the microscopic dance of individual neurons to the complex networks that shape our memories and behaviors, this field peels back the layers of our biological selves to reveal the origins of consciousness and disease.
At Gist.Science, we bring these discoveries directly from bioRxiv, the leading preprint server for biological sciences, to a broader audience. We process every new neuroscience preprint as it is uploaded, transforming dense academic manuscripts into clear, plain-language explanations alongside detailed technical summaries. This ensures that both curious readers and specialists can stay current with the latest breakthroughs before they are formally published.
Below are the latest neuroscience papers we have processed from bioRxiv, offering fresh insights into the workings of the mind.
Using EEG and multivariate pattern analysis, this study reveals that learned attentional suppression of salient singleton distractors is driven by a rapid, top-down representational inversion of their neural signals approximately 200 ms after search onset, which transforms bottom-up saliency into suppression signals to facilitate goal-directed visual search.
This paper presents and validates a novel, low-interference virtual reality headset designed to enable whole-brain magnetoencephalography (MEG) recordings using wearable optically pumped magnetometers during immersive, naturalistic behaviors.
This study utilizes proteomic and phosphoproteomic analyses of medial prefrontal cortex synaptosomes in a learned helplessness mouse model to reveal that inescapable stress induces significant alterations in energy metabolism, synaptic signaling, and specifically muscarinic cholinergic receptor pathways, providing new molecular insights into depression etiology.
This study demonstrates that while reward information is encoded in the ventral striatum without reflecting effort trade-offs, the basal forebrain's cholinergic activity increases with time on task and reward levels, identifying it as a key neuroimaging phenotype for sustaining cognitive effort.
This paper introduces a non-invasive imaging framework that integrates ultra-high-resolution 7T quantitative MRI with spatially-resolved transcriptomics to infer cell-type and pathway-specific molecular features in the living human brain, offering a scalable platform for profiling neurodegeneration and advancing precision therapeutic monitoring.
This paper introduces a robust and efficient split-trial analysis method to experimentally quantify information-limiting noise in neural populations, revealing distinct noise characteristics across the mouse head direction system, mouse V1, and macaque prefrontal cortex.
Although a previous study found that the "Different Hearing" music composing program altered task-related brain network activation, this study's analysis of resting-state fMRI data revealed no significant changes in functional connectivity following a short-term, intensive workshop.
This study demonstrates that SETD1A haploinsufficiency, a genetic risk factor for schizophrenia, specifically disrupts beta- and gamma-frequency synchrony between the prefrontal cortex and thalamic nucleus reuniens during spatial working memory maintenance, while leaving prefrontal-hippocampal connectivity intact.
This study presents a detailed computational model of the human cortical microcircuit, constructed using new experimental data and adapted rodent parameters, which reveals that while human and rat cortices share similar connection counts, the human cortex features lower cell density, more complex neuronal branching, and reduced bouton densities.
This study demonstrates that the ventriloquism aftereffect generalizes across a wide range of sound frequencies following exposure to a consistent audiovisual offset, suggesting that the underlying neural adaptation occurs at a frequency-independent, high-level multisensory spatial stage rather than at early, frequency-specific auditory processing levels.