🧠 Category

neuroscience

1523 papers

Neuroscience explores the intricate machinery of the brain and nervous system, seeking to understand how we think, feel, and move. From the microscopic dance of individual neurons to the complex networks that shape our memories and behaviors, this field peels back the layers of our biological selves to reveal the origins of consciousness and disease.

At Gist.Science, we bring these discoveries directly from bioRxiv, the leading preprint server for biological sciences, to a broader audience. We process every new neuroscience preprint as it is uploaded, transforming dense academic manuscripts into clear, plain-language explanations alongside detailed technical summaries. This ensures that both curious readers and specialists can stay current with the latest breakthroughs before they are formally published.

Below are the latest neuroscience papers we have processed from bioRxiv, offering fresh insights into the workings of the mind.

🧠 neuroscience

Systematic comparison of color representations between humans and deep neural networks: towards predicting human color perception in a vast color space

This study systematically compares color representations across self-supervised, supervised, and CLIP-trained deep neural networks using Gromov-Wasserstein Optimal Transport to demonstrate that while early layers of all paradigms align with human perception, only CLIP maintains this structural congruence at the output, enabling reliable predictions of human color perception across vast, previously unexplored color spaces.

Wickramanayaka, N. R., Oizumi, M.2026-06-29
🧠 neuroscience

Simultaneous neuron evidence for much higher covariation with saccadic reaction time of superior colliculus than primary visual cortex visual responses

This study demonstrates that while single-neuron visual responses in the superior colliculus (SC) predict saccadic reaction times better than those in the primary visual cortex (V1), the predictive power of SC responses improves significantly with the addition of simultaneously recorded neurons, whereas V1 responses show little improvement except for dark stimuli, suggesting that SC visual signals are functionally reformatted from V1 inputs to better drive motor behavior.

Yu, Y., Hafed, Z. M.2026-06-29
🧠 neuroscience

Dystrophic changes of nigrostriatal axons harboring a Synj1 Parkinson mutation suggest catastrophic failure of endocytic mechanisms

This study reveals that a Parkinson's-associated Synj1 mutation causes selective dystrophic axonal dilations with massive plasma membrane infoldings in dopaminergic neurons, indicating a catastrophic failure of endocytic mechanisms that leads to dopamine release deficits.

Wu, Y., Xu, P., Moran, J., Xu, C. S., Hayworth, K., Cao, M., Shao, L., Surmeier, D. J., Hess, H., De Camilli, P.2026-06-29
🧠 neuroscience

Social Isolation Alters Hippocampal miR-30e-5p Expression and Impairs Pattern Separation-Related Behaviour in Adult Mice

This study demonstrates that prolonged social isolation in adult mice impairs hippocampal-dependent pattern separation by upregulating miR-30e-5p in the ventral hippocampus, which subsequently downregulates the target gene Neurod1, without inducing overt anxiety or depression-like behaviors.

McDiarmid, A. H., Kiemes, A., Mandal, G., Thuret, S., Fernandes, C.2026-06-29
🧠 neuroscience

The CHIP-LMO7-BAG5 complex controls tau clearance and yields repurposed and newly designed therapeutic candidates for Alzheimer's disease

This study identifies the LMO7-BAG5 complex as a critical inhibitor of tau degradation, demonstrating that disrupting this interaction via genetic knockdown, a designed peptide, or repurposed drugs like Telmisartan and MPA-2 effectively reduces pathogenic tau and rescues memory deficits in Alzheimer's disease models.

Kim, J.-Y., Tadros, B., Vaidya, B., Liang, Y. H., Jung, S. Y., Deng, X., Xu, J., Zoghbi, H. Y.2026-06-29
🧠 neuroscience

Anti-amyloid immunotherapy drives APOE4 specific increases in glial reactivity, perivascular immune activation, and ARIA-like events

Using the EFAD mouse model, this study demonstrates that anti-amyloid immunotherapy triggers APOE4-specific increases in glial reactivity, perivascular immune activation, and ARIA-like microhemorrhages due to unique vascular susceptibility, highlighting critical immunological targets for mitigating treatment risks in APOE4 carriers.

Pallerla, A. V., Lucido, C. C., Saito, K., Nolt, G. L., Arbones-Mainar, J. M., Funnell, J. L., Satish, D., Smith, L. M. (…)2026-06-29
🧠 neuroscience

Neuroticism is linked to cognitive decline and increased risk of Alzheimer's disease through dysregulation of excitatory neurons

This study reveals that neuroticism increases the risk of Alzheimer's disease and cognitive decline through the dysregulation of excitatory neurons, specifically involving the downregulation of ADRA1B and LY6E-DT and the enrichment of the Exc.12 subpopulation, which mediates 12.2% of the trait's total effect on the disease.

Sharma, S., Comandante-Lou, N., Ma, Y., Fujita, M., Bennett, D. A., Zammit, A. R., De Jager, P.2026-06-29