📄 Category

nutrition

43 papers

Nutrition science explores how the food we eat shapes our health, from cellular function to long-term disease prevention. This field moves beyond simple dietary advice to investigate complex biological mechanisms, nutrient interactions, and the impact of eating patterns on public well-being. Because research evolves rapidly, staying current with the latest findings is essential for understanding what truly drives better health outcomes.

At Gist.Science, we monitor medRxiv to ensure you never miss a breakthrough in nutrition research. We process every new preprint uploaded to this category, transforming dense scientific manuscripts into both accessible plain-language overviews and detailed technical summaries. This dual approach allows everyone from curious readers to specialists to grasp the significance of emerging data without getting lost in jargon.

Below are the latest papers in nutrition, freshly processed and ready for you to explore.

📄 nutrition

Acute Exercise-Induced Changes in Gut Microbiome Composition, Function, and Gut-Derived Stool and Plasma Metabolome Across Obesity Phenotypes in Young-Adult Women: A Pilot Study Protocol

This pilot study protocol outlines a trial designed to investigate how a single bout of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise affects the gut microbiome composition, function, and associated stool and plasma metabolites across different obesity phenotypes in young adult women, with the goal of informing the feasibility of a larger study on gut-derived metabolic signals.

Ortega-Santos, C. P., Kerchner, D., Rahnavard, A., Crandall, K. A.2026-07-14
📄 nutrition

Study protocol for a randomized clinical trial evaluating the effectiveness of a Brazilian lifestyle-based diabetes prevention program: the PROVEN-DIA trial

The PROVEN-DIA trial is a multicenter, randomized controlled superiority study designed to evaluate the effectiveness of a structured 36-month Brazilian lifestyle-based diabetes prevention program delivered via hybrid or telehealth formats compared to standard unstructured care in preventing type 2 diabetes among 1,305 adults with prediabetes.

Bersch-Ferreira, A. C., Pagano, R., Fonseca, D., Ostolin, T., Fogaca, A. L., De Oliveira, L., Santana, A., Alves, B., De (…)2026-07-14
📄 nutrition

Bump2Baby & Me+ (B2B&Me+): Protocol for a multi-country, European implementation project to reduce the incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus and improve maternal and child health

The Bump2Baby & Me+ (B2B&Me+) project is a multi-country European study employing a hybrid type 3 implementation-effectiveness design to evaluate the reach, adoption, and effectiveness of a personalized mHealth coaching intervention in reducing gestational diabetes mellitus across diverse health systems while developing a scalable implementation toolkit to bridge the evidence-to-practice gap.

O'Reilly, S. L., McDonnell, T., Reme Sagedal, L., Bermudez, M. G., Herrmann, F., Jasiak-Jozwik, H., Overby, N. C., Refvi (…)2026-07-13
📄 nutrition

Effect of fortified balanced energy-protein supplementation during pregnancy and lactation on infant neurodevelopment: a community-based randomized controlled trial in rural Nepal

In a community-based randomized controlled trial in rural Nepal, fortified balanced energy-protein supplementation during both pregnancy and lactation significantly improved infant language development at six months, though no significant effects were observed for cognitive, motor, or socioemotional domains.

Lama, T. P., Shrestha, R., Christian, P., Tielsch, J. M., Katz, J., Khatry, S. K., LeClerq, S. C., Erchick, D. J.2026-07-06
📄 nutrition

Double Burden of Malnutrition among Hospitalized Adults and Length of Hospital Stay in Hanoi, Vietnam: A Multicentre Prospective Cohort Study

This multicentre prospective cohort study in Hanoi, Vietnam, found that the double burden of malnutrition is prevalent among hospitalized adults, with recent nutritional deterioration being more common than low BMI, though nutritional status was not significantly associated with the length of hospital stay in this relatively young and mild-to-moderate patient population.

TRAN, A. Q., MIYOSHI, F., TOYAMA, K., GOMI, I., NAKAHARA, S., SHONO, R., NGUYEN, L. T., NGUYEN, L. T. H., LE, H. T., NAK (…)2026-07-02
📄 nutrition

Healthy diet perceptions and drivers of fruit and vegetable food choices among adolescents in Benin: a qualitative study

This qualitative study of adolescents in Benin reveals that fruit and vegetable consumption is shaped by a complex interplay of intrapersonal, socio-cultural, and environmental factors, suggesting that effective interventions must simultaneously address multiple barriers and engage families and peers rather than focusing solely on individual behaviors.

Diatta, A. D., Bodjrenou, F. S. U., Pedehombga, A., Eissler, S., Mitchodigni, I. M., Cunningham, K., Olney, D., Bliznash (…)2026-07-01
📄 nutrition

Cross-LLM AI platform meta-research: Non-inferiority of bovine milk-based fortifiers to human milk-based fortifiers

This study presents a proof-of-concept cross-LLM AI platform meta-research that, by analyzing 3,371 publications using ChatGPT, Claude, and Manus AI, concludes that bovine milk-based fortifiers are non-inferior to human milk-based fortifiers for preventing necrotizing enterocolitis and sepsis in pre-term newborns, thereby demonstrating the viability of AI-assisted evidence synthesis in medicine.

Ni, D., Ge, A., Mishra, A., Oei, J. L., Nanan, R.2026-06-29
📄 nutrition

Low-grade inflammation and daily life food-related motivation in obesity

This study demonstrates that obesity-related low-grade inflammation is associated with reduced daily-life motivation and effort-related food intake, while reducing inflammation through anti-inflammatory treatment leads to decreased overall caloric consumption and healthier dietary choices.

Scholing, J. M., van den Bosch, R., Olsthoorn, L., Loenen, J. C. J., Mulders-Manders, C. M., Stienstra, R., Aarts, E.2026-06-29
📄 nutrition

Food insecurity, caloric intake and nutritional status among children under 5 years old: a predictive modelling analysis of the MAL-ED multi-country cohort

This study reanalyzing data from the MAL-ED multi-country cohort found that statistical models failed to accurately predict changes in children's nutritional status or caloric intake based on food insecurity, suggesting that such predictions are not feasible due to measurement errors and the limited variability of the data compared to crisis settings.

Checchi, F., Ferguson, E., Hamad, F., Ouchtar, Y., Ratnayake, R., Singh, N., Tanvir, H., van Zandvoort, K., Dahab, M.2026-06-24