35 papers
This qualitative study of 30 diverse UK older adults reveals a strong willingness to adopt a food-based frailty supplement, with participants favoring a tasty, affordable, and convenient biscuit format while emphasizing the importance of culturally appropriate ingredients and diverse marketing channels to encourage uptake.
A cluster-randomised controlled trial in Chad demonstrates that an integrated livestock intervention combining feed supplementation, zoonotic risk mitigation, and nutrition counselling effectively prevents the dry-season peak of child acute malnutrition by sustaining milk production and reducing disease, while delivering a high return on investment.
This study reveals that socioeconomic factors in Ekiti State, Nigeria, create distinct urban-rural divides in dietary patterns and nutritional knowledge, resulting in a double burden of malnutrition characterized by rising obesity in urban areas and persistent undernutrition in rural communities.
In a randomized controlled trial of healthy older adults, colon-targeted riboflavin supplementation was found to be safe and well-tolerated while acting as a functional modulator of the gut microbiome, with a 10 mg daily dose demonstrating the most consistent improvements in microbial diversity, resilience, and function.
This exploratory single-arm study demonstrates that a theory-informed, multi-component behavioural intervention is feasible and acceptable for UK adults with overweight or obesity, resulting in significant reductions in ultra-processed food intake, increases in minimally processed food consumption and physical activity, and clinically meaningful weight loss.
In a non-randomized cluster trial conducted in post-conflict Tigray, Ethiopia, daily supplementation with small-quantity lipid-based nutrient supplements (SQ-LNS) for six months not only significantly reduced acute malnutrition prevalence among children aged 6–23 months but also shifted the entire population's weight-for-height distribution rightward, demonstrating that the intervention improved overall nutritional status beyond merely preventing individual cases of wasting.
In a longitudinal cohort study of 1,496 mother-infant pairs, maternal iron depletion during late pregnancy and postpartum was significantly associated with higher infant birthweight, suggesting preferential fetal iron transfer at the expense of maternal iron stores.
This study demonstrates that prolonged fasting is a safe and effective metabolic intervention for healthy adults and reveals that baseline gut microbiome composition and clinical markers can predict sustained weight loss responses across diverse populations.
This systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies indicates that higher consumption of ultra-processed foods is significantly associated with an increased risk of frailty in older adults, suggesting that reducing such intake could be a valuable public health strategy for prevention.
This study utilized Mendelian randomisation to demonstrate that rigorously filtered genome-wide significant genetic variants support causal links between specific dietary patterns and cardiometabolic outcomes, whereas chemosensory receptor variants proved insufficiently powerful as instrumental variables due to the complex nature of diet.
This pharmacokinetic study in healthy adults demonstrates that steroidal alkaloids from tomato juice exhibit moderate absorption (approximately 11.8%) and undergo extensive metabolism, with over 99% of the absorbed dose appearing as metabolized products in the plasma.
This study developed and validated a nutrient-based method for classifying foods to be consumed in moderation according to the 2020-2025 Dietary Guidelines for Americans, demonstrating that the classification effectively distinguishes lower-quality foods and correlates negatively with overall diet quality.
In a randomized trial of 4,107 US Latino adults, both identity and health warning labels on ultra-processed foods significantly improved product identification and reduced perceived healthfulness and purchase intentions compared to control labels, with identity warnings proving most effective at identifying the food category.
In a study of 12,400 Korean adults, a pro-inflammatory diet was found to be significantly associated with higher asthma prevalence and reduced lung function, with these adverse effects being markedly more pronounced in individuals with pre-existing asthma.
A cross-sectional study of 394 severely acutely malnourished children in North Shoa, Ethiopia, found a 15.48% prevalence of comorbid pneumonia and diarrhea, significantly associated with poor dietary diversity, single maternal status, and low perceived birth weight.
In a controlled inpatient randomized crossover trial, urinary metabolic phenotyping was shown to objectively and accurately classify dietary adherence while revealing that short-term adherence to a NICE-compliant diet rapidly improved cardiovascular risk markers and gut microbial profiles compared to a Western-style diet in adults at elevated cardiovascular risk.
In individuals with prediabetes, a later start to daily eating is independently associated with hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, and increased body fat, suggesting that earlier eating times may improve glucose metabolism and reduce the risk of progressing to type 2 diabetes.
This school-based study in Nepal reveals that sexual abuse affects one-third of adolescent girls, is significantly associated with lower maternal education and joint family structures, and is strongly linked to severe nutritional deficits such as thinness and stunting, suggesting that anthropometric screening could serve as a critical indicator for identifying underlying trauma.
This double-blind, randomized controlled trial demonstrates that supplementing with *Chlorella vulgaris* significantly increases serum vitamin B12 levels in deficient adults without adverse effects, supporting its potential as a safe, plant-based treatment for vitamin B12 deficiency.
In a randomized crossover feeding trial involving adults with overweight and obesity, consuming whole avocados improved gastrointestinal health and altered the gut microbiome distinctively compared to an isocaloric diet matched for monounsaturated fatty acids and fiber, highlighting the unique role of the food matrix in diet-health relationships.