92 papers
Oncology is the dynamic field dedicated to understanding and treating cancer, a complex group of diseases where cells grow uncontrollably. This area of study spans everything from identifying genetic mutations that drive tumor formation to developing new therapies and improving patient care strategies. Because cancer research moves at a rapid pace, staying updated with the very latest findings is essential for both experts and the curious public.
At Gist.Science, we curate the most recent preprints in oncology directly from medRxiv, ensuring you have immediate access to cutting-edge research before it undergoes formal peer review. We process every new submission in this category, transforming dense scientific manuscripts into both plain-language overviews and detailed technical summaries. This dual approach makes critical discoveries accessible to everyone, regardless of their background in medicine or biology.
Below are the latest oncology papers added from medRxiv, complete with our simplified explanations and full technical breakdowns to help you navigate the latest breakthroughs in cancer science.
This study demonstrates that the prognostic impact of TP53 pathogenic variants on overall survival in advanced non-small cell lung cancer is significantly modulated by the presence of specific oncogene driver mutations, with TP53 alterations conferring a much worse prognosis in driver-positive disease compared to driver-negative or squamous subtypes.
This retrospective study of 869 Nigerian women with triple-negative breast cancer reveals a predominance of advanced-stage presentation and lung-predominant metastases, with higher tumor grade identified as an independent predictor of advanced disease, highlighting the urgent need for earlier diagnosis and strengthened multidisciplinary management in resource-constrained settings.
This study demonstrates that long-read haplotype sequencing resolves the critical cis/trans allelic configuration of cancer variants, revealing hidden biallelic tumor suppressor inactivations and synergistic compound oncogenic alleles that short-read sequencing misses, thereby addressing a significant gap in precision oncology.
This SEER-based study identifies an optimal lymph node count of approximately 21 for pancreatic body-tail cancer resection, demonstrating that while standard distal pancreatectomy often fails to reach this target, the Mattox maneuver theoretically bridges this gap to significantly improve survival outcomes.
This microsimulation study demonstrates that tailoring low-dose CT screening initiation ages and intervals based on integrated polygenic risk scores and environmental tobacco smoke exposure maximizes cost-effective lung cancer mortality reduction for never-smoking Asian women, challenging current guidelines that rely solely on smoking history.
This study demonstrates that a composite signature of four urinary metabolites serves as a robust, noninvasive prognostic tool for malignant mesothelioma, effectively stratifying patient survival and correlating with a validated poor-prognosis gene expression signature.
This qualitative study involving patients, healthcare providers, and community representatives in Kenya and Uganda reveals that while end-users are generally receptive to the novel AI-enabled SkinScan3D device for monitoring Kaposi Sarcoma due to its perceived accuracy and efficiency, successful implementation requires targeted refinements addressing safety, data security, affordability, and workflow integration within the local sociocultural context.
This KNHANES analysis reveals that Korean former smokers using non-combusted nicotine products are predominantly heated tobacco users who quit approximately a decade more recently than non-users, highlighting critical measurement gaps in product type and cessation duration that necessitate caution when interpreting lung cancer risk comparisons from NHIS cohort studies.
This descriptive observational study utilizing the OpenPrescribing Hospitals platform reveals a more than three-fold increase in CDK4/6 inhibitor uptake across NHS hospitals in England between 2019 and 2024, highlighting significant regional variations in drug selection and a higher frequency of dose reductions than typically reported in clinical trials.
This population-based study from the Czech Republic reveals that approximately one-fifth of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cases in patients over 60 are preceded by new-onset diabetes mellitus within five years, highlighting the critical need for immediate diagnostic evaluation when new-onset diabetes is accompanied by significant weight loss.