115 papers
Oncology is the dynamic field dedicated to understanding and treating cancer, a complex group of diseases where cells grow uncontrollably. This area of study spans everything from identifying genetic mutations that drive tumor formation to developing new therapies and improving patient care strategies. Because cancer research moves at a rapid pace, staying updated with the very latest findings is essential for both experts and the curious public.
At Gist.Science, we curate the most recent preprints in oncology directly from medRxiv, ensuring you have immediate access to cutting-edge research before it undergoes formal peer review. We process every new submission in this category, transforming dense scientific manuscripts into both plain-language overviews and detailed technical summaries. This dual approach makes critical discoveries accessible to everyone, regardless of their background in medicine or biology.
Below are the latest oncology papers added from medRxiv, complete with our simplified explanations and full technical breakdowns to help you navigate the latest breakthroughs in cancer science.
This prospective observational study from Johannesburg demonstrates that Total Neoadjuvant Therapy is feasible and well-tolerated in a South African real-world setting, yielding favorable medium-term oncological outcomes despite the challenge of achieving durable organ preservation due to tumor regrowth.
This study reveals that a standard patient-keyed aggregation of public cancer genomic data erroneously classifies clonal hematopoiesis mutations from blood normals as tumor-derived mutations in over half of DNMT3A-mutant patients, creating significant pan-cancer distortions that can be corrected by filtering out blood-derived calls prior to matrix construction.
This study demonstrates that analyzing the spatial distribution of high-risk tumor morphology clusters at the invasive front, rather than relying solely on global slide-level AI scores, provides an independent prognostic biomarker for identifying high-risk patients within early low- and intermediate-risk ER-positive/HER2-negative breast cancer.
This qualitative study of 44 patients demonstrates that embedding a patient-directed dialogue clinic within routine oncology care reveals critical dimensions of the cancer experience—such as identity reconstruction and life prioritization—that are often overlooked in conventional biomedical consultations.
This phase II study demonstrates that single-agent axitinib, a selective VEGF receptor inhibitor, provides clinically meaningful antitumor activity with a manageable safety profile for patients with progressive metastatic pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma.
This cross-sectional study of 284 women in Northwest Ethiopia found that 74.6% were diagnosed with late-stage cervical cancer, a delay significantly associated with rural residence and anemia, while HIV positivity was linked to earlier detection.
This cohort study demonstrates that a novel serum thyroid hormone metabolite test achieves high diagnostic accuracy, specificity, and positive predictive value for distinguishing differentiated thyroid cancer from benign nodules, particularly within indeterminate Bethesda categories.
This retrospective study of 420 men in Aberdeen found that an MRI-informed active surveillance pathway and higher baseline PI-RADS/Likert scores were associated with earlier discontinuation of surveillance, while dietary fibre supplementation was deemed generally acceptable for future intervention studies.
This pilot study demonstrates that urine cell-free DNA methylation profiling, specifically identifying hypermethylated biomarkers such as MIR124-3, IRX4, and LHX1-DT, can robustly distinguish non-muscle invasive bladder cancer from healthy controls in a Thai cohort, offering a promising non-invasive alternative for diagnosis and surveillance.
This study demonstrates that while multiple myeloma is bone-marrow-predominant, peripheral blood cell-free DNA is a comparable or superior liquid biopsy surrogate to marrow plasma for detecting genomic alterations, with the optimal biomarker choice depending on specific tumor features, fraction, and processing context.