96 papers
Oncology is the dynamic field dedicated to understanding and treating cancer, a complex group of diseases where cells grow uncontrollably. This area of study spans everything from identifying genetic mutations that drive tumor formation to developing new therapies and improving patient care strategies. Because cancer research moves at a rapid pace, staying updated with the very latest findings is essential for both experts and the curious public.
At Gist.Science, we curate the most recent preprints in oncology directly from medRxiv, ensuring you have immediate access to cutting-edge research before it undergoes formal peer review. We process every new submission in this category, transforming dense scientific manuscripts into both plain-language overviews and detailed technical summaries. This dual approach makes critical discoveries accessible to everyone, regardless of their background in medicine or biology.
Below are the latest oncology papers added from medRxiv, complete with our simplified explanations and full technical breakdowns to help you navigate the latest breakthroughs in cancer science.
This study demonstrates that while multiple myeloma is bone-marrow-predominant, peripheral blood cell-free DNA is a comparable or superior liquid biopsy surrogate to marrow plasma for detecting genomic alterations, with the optimal biomarker choice depending on specific tumor features, fraction, and processing context.
This study quantifies the dosimetric impact of residual intrafraction motion in gated MR-guided prostate SBRT with focal dose intensification and derives practical, target-specific asymmetric margins that improve coverage robustness while highlighting a tradeoff with delivery efficiency.
Through a participatory human-centered design workshop in Kenya, this study co-developed a menu of monetary and non-monetary pay-it-forward strategies to address financial and psychosocial barriers, aiming to improve cervical cancer treatment retention by activating social capital through reciprocity and community support.
This study demonstrates that patient-specific tumor growth kinetics can be inferred from routine H&E biopsies using a reaction-diffusion model, enabling virtual clinical trials that optimize radiotherapy strategies to significantly improve survival outcomes compared to standard care.
This study demonstrates that the prognostic impact of TP53 pathogenic variants on overall survival in advanced non-small cell lung cancer is significantly modulated by the presence of specific oncogene driver mutations, with TP53 alterations conferring a much worse prognosis in driver-positive disease compared to driver-negative or squamous subtypes.
This retrospective study of 869 Nigerian women with triple-negative breast cancer reveals a predominance of advanced-stage presentation and lung-predominant metastases, with higher tumor grade identified as an independent predictor of advanced disease, highlighting the urgent need for earlier diagnosis and strengthened multidisciplinary management in resource-constrained settings.
This study demonstrates that long-read haplotype sequencing resolves the critical cis/trans allelic configuration of cancer variants, revealing hidden biallelic tumor suppressor inactivations and synergistic compound oncogenic alleles that short-read sequencing misses, thereby addressing a significant gap in precision oncology.
This SEER-based study identifies an optimal lymph node count of approximately 21 for pancreatic body-tail cancer resection, demonstrating that while standard distal pancreatectomy often fails to reach this target, the Mattox maneuver theoretically bridges this gap to significantly improve survival outcomes.
This microsimulation study demonstrates that tailoring low-dose CT screening initiation ages and intervals based on integrated polygenic risk scores and environmental tobacco smoke exposure maximizes cost-effective lung cancer mortality reduction for never-smoking Asian women, challenging current guidelines that rely solely on smoking history.
This study demonstrates that a composite signature of four urinary metabolites serves as a robust, noninvasive prognostic tool for malignant mesothelioma, effectively stratifying patient survival and correlating with a validated poor-prognosis gene expression signature.