97 papers
Oncology is the dynamic field dedicated to understanding and treating cancer, a complex group of diseases where cells grow uncontrollably. This area of study spans everything from identifying genetic mutations that drive tumor formation to developing new therapies and improving patient care strategies. Because cancer research moves at a rapid pace, staying updated with the very latest findings is essential for both experts and the curious public.
At Gist.Science, we curate the most recent preprints in oncology directly from medRxiv, ensuring you have immediate access to cutting-edge research before it undergoes formal peer review. We process every new submission in this category, transforming dense scientific manuscripts into both plain-language overviews and detailed technical summaries. This dual approach makes critical discoveries accessible to everyone, regardless of their background in medicine or biology.
Below are the latest oncology papers added from medRxiv, complete with our simplified explanations and full technical breakdowns to help you navigate the latest breakthroughs in cancer science.
A retrospective study of 53 patients with advanced cancers, primarily squamous cell carcinomas, found that low-dose nivolumab (20 mg every three weeks) demonstrated encouraging efficacy and manageable toxicity comparable to standard doses, particularly in a frail, elderly population.
In a retrospective study of locally advanced rectal cancer patients at Ethiopia's largest oncology center, neoadjuvant long-course chemoradiotherapy resulted in low tumor resectability and no pathologic complete responses, highlighting the critical need to reduce treatment delays and strengthen multidisciplinary and surgical capacity in resource-limited settings.
This study identifies that elevated expression of HLA-DR and CD69 on circulating CD4+ T cells serves as a robust prognostic and predictive biomarker for improved survival and response to immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients with cutaneous melanoma.
This retrospective quantitative study analyzes 2020 CDC National Health Interview Survey data to demonstrate that the COVID-19 pandemic significantly disrupted cancer treatment and care in the U.S., with statistically significant disparities in treatment delays and changes observed across gender, age, race, education, and income demographics, thereby highlighting the urgent need for increased government funding to improve healthcare resilience for future pandemics.
This systematic review and meta-analysis concludes that while neoadjuvant bevacizumab does not significantly improve overall or progression-free survival in newly diagnosed, resectable glioblastoma, it may offer symptomatic and functional benefits, though current evidence is limited by small sample sizes and methodological heterogeneity.
This study demonstrates that the high rate of discordance in radiological response classification for pleural mesothelioma, driven largely by interpretation and measurement inconsistencies, significantly undermines statistical power and endpoint precision in clinical trials.
The paper introduces MD-JoPiGo, a computational framework that reconstructs multidimensional clinical profiles and individual-level data from published one-dimensional Kaplan-Meier curves using maximum entropy and simulated annealing, thereby enabling the secondary analysis of historical randomized controlled trials to uncover intersectional treatment effects.
This nationwide cross-sectional study reveals that nearly half of women desiring pregnancy do not attempt conception, a disparity significantly more pronounced among breast cancer survivors due to factors such as younger age, nulliparity, single status, and ongoing endocrine therapy, highlighting the critical need to address both medical and psychosocial barriers in reproductive research.
This study demonstrates that pre-treatment plasma cell-free RNA signatures reflecting lymph node-like tumor microenvironment states can serve as minimally invasive, reliable predictors of durable response to CAR-T therapy in patients with large B-cell lymphoma.
This narrative inquiry study explores the transformative experiences of Brazilian parents navigating prolonged diagnostic uncertainty for children with rare diseases, revealing how the pre-diagnostic period is characterized by disorientation, relentless advocacy, and identity reconstruction, thereby highlighting the urgent need for structured psychosocial support and more empathetic clinical communication.