📄 other

Establishing Lethal and Growth Reduction Doses of Fast Neutron Irradiated Cowpea [Vigna Unguiculata (L.) Walp.]

This study determined the median lethal (LD₅₀) and growth reduction (GR₅₀) doses of fast neutron irradiation for two cowpea varieties, revealing that SAMPEA 21 is more radiosensitive than SAMPEA 20T and providing essential genotype-specific benchmarks to optimize mutation breeding protocols.

Ibrahim Ashiru, Umar U. Uwais, Ibrahim Halima, Almustapha Zakari, Abdullahi A. Dabo, Aminu Isyaku2026-07-24
📄 other

Mechanistic Interpretability of Biological Foundation Models: An Empirical Analysis of scGPT Gene-Embedding Geometry

This paper empirically demonstrates that the static gene-token embedding space of the scGPT foundation model encodes detectable, albeit moderate, information about known physical protein-protein interactions, as evidenced by significantly higher cosine similarities and interaction prediction metrics for interacting gene pairs compared to non-interacting controls.

Liu Chen2026-07-24
📄 other

What Knowledge Can Be Extracted from Single-Cell Data? An Empirical Analysis of Donor-Robust Cell-Type Annotation

An empirical analysis of human pancreatic single-cell RNA-sequencing data demonstrates that for abundant, canonical cell types, cell-type annotation models generalize robustly across donors with only modest performance drops when evaluated via leave-one-donor-out compared to random splitting, underscoring the necessity of explicitly stating the population and technical scope when claiming knowledge extracted from single-cell data.

Liu Chen2026-07-24
📄 other

When Do Single-Cell Foundation Models Beat PCA? A Simulation-Based Empirical Analysis of Label Scarcity and Perturbation Generalization

This simulation-based study demonstrates that single-cell foundation models significantly outperform classical PCA pipelines in label-scarce annotation tasks (1–5 labeled cells per class) but offer little to no advantage over simple linear baselines when sufficient labels are available or when predicting responses to novel perturbations.

Liu Chen2026-07-24
📄 other

Does Candidate-Space Restriction Destabilize Cross-Tissue Gene Regulatory Network Benchmark Rankings? An Empirical Analysis of Analytic Flexibility in Computational Biology

This empirical analysis demonstrates that restricting candidate spaces in gene regulatory network benchmarks significantly destabilizes cross-tissue method rankings, indicating that candidate definition choices can alter comparative conclusions and should be reported alongside results rather than treated as neutral.

Liu Chen2026-07-24
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Bacteria getting wired: The porin-cytochrome complex Om(abc)B kickstarts extracellular electron transfer and nanowire formation

This study reveals that *Geobacter sulfurreducens* utilizes a sequential, two-stage extracellular electron transfer strategy where the porin-cytochrome complex Om(abc)B first enables the energy-intensive synthesis of OmcS nanowires, allowing cells to switch from a wireless to a wired mode that dramatically expands their access to Fe(III) for replication.

Nikhil Malvankar, Joseph Erwin, Kejue Jia, Cong Shen, Vanessa Saldivar, Aldo Salazar Morales, Vasilije Pentalic, Fadel S (…)2026-07-24
📄 other

WITHDRAWN: Milk Quality and Associated Safety Risk Factors along the Fresh Milk Value Chain in Pastoral Communities of Yabello Town, Borana Zone, Southern Ethiopia

This paper, which originally investigated milk quality and safety risks in the pastoral communities of Yabello Town, Ethiopia, has been withdrawn by the authors to comply with institutional preprint policies and should not be cited.

Hailu Lemma, Tadicha Bute, Lechisa Asefa, Israel Melaku, Assefa Asnakew, Girma Berhanu, Degefa Dhengesu, Habtamu Roba2026-07-24