39 papers
Pathology is the study of how diseases change the body, uncovering the hidden causes of illness and how they progress. From examining tissue samples to understanding molecular shifts, this field bridges the gap between basic science and patient care, offering crucial insights into everything from infections to cancer.
On Gist.Science, we track every new preprint in this vital area as it appears on bioRxiv and medRxiv. Our team processes these fresh findings to provide both clear, plain-language explanations and detailed technical summaries, ensuring that complex discoveries are accessible to everyone. Below are the latest pathology papers we have summarized from these leading servers.
The paper introduces PRECISE, the first publicly available dataset of expert-annotated, spatially harmonized H&E and IHC serial prostate biopsy sections, designed to serve as a robust multimodal benchmark for advancing AI-assisted diagnosis through pixel-level semantic segmentation of the full morphological spectrum of prostate pathology.
This study reveals that the proliferation and transposition of the *Molly* Tc-1 mariner transposon drive extensive genetic diversity and the formation of transient, highly virulent subpopulations within Australian *Parastagonospora nodorum*, thereby facilitating rapid adaptation to resistant wheat cultivars.
This study demonstrates that elevated TSPO PET binding in frontotemporal dementia patients specifically reflects an increased burden of phagocytic CD68+ microglia rather than per-cell upregulation or other cell types, validating TSPO PET as a reliable biomarker for microglial activation in both FTLD-tau and FTLD-TDP pathologies.
VeSpA is an open-source QuPath extension that automates vessel segmentation and morphometric quantification in CD31-stained whole slide images, offering a reproducible workflow that achieves performance comparable to pathologist annotations while outperforming recent deep learning models.
This study reveals that while inter-pathologist agreement in breast cancer TIL assessment is high, there is substantial discrepancy between pathologists and AI models, suggesting that AI integration requires further refinement to match human reliability, particularly when using multi-category classifications rather than dichotomized thresholds.
This study demonstrates that CD239 deficiency disrupts renal tubular cell polarity and compromises distal tubule stability, thereby increasing susceptibility to chronic kidney disease under stress conditions despite the absence of overt pathology in healthy CD239-null individuals.
This study identifies novel, hrp-dependent patho-phenotypes in tomato leaves infiltrated with virulent *Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum*, including necrotic scarring, petiole bending, epinasty, and localized senescence, which distinguish the virulent strain from virulence-deficient mutants and other endophytes.
This study establishes a novel Tetra-Slime-based method for collecting murine synovial fluid and reveals that while acute synovitis initially drives cartilage degeneration via inflammatory mediators, protective microRNAs (miR-145-5p and miR-149-5p) are upregulated to mitigate progression, though long-term cartilage damage is ultimately dominated by mechanical stress rather than synovitis.
This study utilizes an ex vivo co-culture system and clinical data to demonstrate that IL-6 responses in severe malaria are not driven by fever alone but by a metabolically gated interaction where febrile temperatures amplify inflammation only in the presence of pipecolic acid and sufficient lysophosphatidylcholine, highlighting the critical role of metabolic stress and host tolerance mechanisms in shaping disease outcomes.
This study utilizes an age- and sex-structured dynamic model of China's largest Chikungunya outbreak to identify asymptomatic males aged 15–59 as the core transmission group and demonstrates that prioritizing mosquito population suppression within a synergistic, asymmetric intervention strategy can reduce infection rates by over 95% while addressing specific vulnerabilities in elderly females.