556 papers
This collection explores the fascinating world of instrumentation and detection within physics, focusing on the tools and sensors that allow scientists to measure the universe. From advanced particle trackers to sensitive gravitational wave detectors, these innovations form the backbone of modern discovery, turning abstract theories into observable data.
On Gist.Science, we process every new preprint in this field as it appears on arXiv, ensuring you stay ahead of the curve. Each paper is accompanied by a clear, plain-language explanation alongside a detailed technical summary, bridging the gap between complex research and accessible knowledge.
Below are the latest papers in physics instrumentation and detection, offering fresh insights into how we observe the fundamental nature of reality.
This study demonstrates that gamma irradiation equivalent to just one or two days of operation at the HL-LHC effectively mitigates the negative effects of static charge on ATLAS ITk strip sensors, resolving early breakdown and low interstrip isolation issues observed during quality control testing.
This paper proposes and evaluates a photon-pressure actuator for the CHRONOS gravitational wave detector, demonstrating its ability to significantly reduce low-frequency actuation noise from seismic and magnetic sources while providing sufficient torque and calibration accuracy to enhance sub-Hz sensitivity.
This paper details the fabrication status and expected performance of the thermally slumped borosilicate glass inner-core X-ray optic for the BabyIAXO experiment, highlighting optimized manufacturing techniques and metrology results that predict a half-power diameter of less than 90 arcseconds to significantly enhance signal-to-noise ratios.
This paper presents the first FPGA implementation of variational quantum autoencoders for real-time anomaly detection in collider experiments, demonstrating that these quantum machine learning models can achieve performance comparable to state-of-the-art classical approaches while meeting the strict resource and latency constraints required for future trigger systems.
This paper presents an ultrasonic positioning system for the Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory that achieves centimeter-level accuracy in reconstructing calibration source coordinates by combining sound-speed modeling, waveform-based timing, and in-situ geometry calibration, thereby enabling precise off-axis calibration without interfering with photon collection or contaminating the liquid scintillator.
The CYGNO collaboration proposes a high-resolution optical Time Projection Chamber operating at atmospheric pressure with a He:CF4 gas mixture and triple-stage amplification to achieve 3D dark matter event reconstruction through combined scintillation light timing and pixelated X-Y tracking.
This paper presents the optical design and sensitivity modeling of CHRONOS, a cryogenic, triangular Sagnac speed-meter interferometer that achieves a quantum-noise-limited strain sensitivity of approximately at 1 Hz, enabling laboratory-scale detection of intermediate-mass black holes, stochastic gravitational wave backgrounds, and gravity-gradient signals.
This paper reports on the 2019–2020 operation and performance of ProtoDUNE-DP, the largest dual-phase liquid argon time projection chamber built to date, which successfully validated key technologies like high-voltage delivery and photon detection despite significant technical challenges with its charge readout planes, ultimately informing improved designs for future vertical drift detectors.
This paper presents constraints on inelastic dark matter with large mass splittings (up to 510–780 keV) using a 32.4 g·day exposure from the RES-NOVA PbWO4 cryogenic detector, which extends direct-detection sensitivity beyond the reach of current xenon-based technologies by leveraging heavy nuclei and a broad recoil-energy range.
The GUEST mission proposes a 30-year passive satellite laser-ranging concept using two dense spheres in highly eccentric Earth orbits to detect microhertz gravitational waves and simultaneously advance research in fundamental physics, cosmology, and geodesy.