465 papers
This collection explores the fascinating world of instrumentation and detection within physics, focusing on the tools and sensors that allow scientists to measure the universe. From advanced particle trackers to sensitive gravitational wave detectors, these innovations form the backbone of modern discovery, turning abstract theories into observable data.
On Gist.Science, we process every new preprint in this field as it appears on arXiv, ensuring you stay ahead of the curve. Each paper is accompanied by a clear, plain-language explanation alongside a detailed technical summary, bridging the gap between complex research and accessible knowledge.
Below are the latest papers in physics instrumentation and detection, offering fresh insights into how we observe the fundamental nature of reality.
This design report outlines the revised Advanced Virgo Plus (AdV+) upgrade strategy for the O5 observing run, which integrates stable recycling cavities, a modified central interferometer layout, and comprehensive subsystem renewals to overcome previous stability limitations and significantly enhance detector sensitivity and astrophysical reach.
This paper presents the testing and characterization of two prototype wafer-scale stitched CMOS sensors, MOSS and MOST, developed for the ALICE ITS3 upgrade, demonstrating their high efficiency, radiation hardness, and the feasibility of using stitched sensors in high-energy physics experiments despite identified design-related failure modes.
This paper reveals and experimentally demonstrates that coherent spatial-mode mixing in quantum-correlated networks can cause "hyperloss," where apparent loss exceeds 100% and destroys quantum advantages like squeezing, but also shows that this effect is controllable through phase tuning to recover correlations and significantly mitigate effective loss.
The authors demonstrate a compact, thermally-stabilized nonlinear interferometer that enables rapid, high-resolution identification of common polymers via undetected photon spectroscopy, offering a portable alternative to conventional mid-infrared techniques for real-time environmental monitoring.
This paper presents a novel ESIBD-based cryoEM workflow that enables high-resolution structure determination of chemically selected soluble proteins by precisely controlling deposition energy to embed them in vitreous ice, yielding near-atomic resolution maps while revealing how solvent exposure influences dehydration-induced structural rearrangements.
The TUCAN collaboration reports significant progress in commissioning its high-intensity accelerator-driven ultracold neutron source and developing the associated spectrometer, achieving the first UCN production in 2024 and setting the stage for a neutron EDM experiment with a sensitivity goal of and two orders of magnitude improved statistics.
This paper reports the first successful demonstration of a monolithic "System-on-a-Chip" fabrication process that integrates soft X-ray transition edge sensors (TES) with microwave SQUID multiplexers on a single silicon wafer using lithographically defined interconnects to maximize focal plane fill fraction for large-format spectrometers.
This paper presents the design, construction, and operational details of a 30-ton Water-based Liquid Scintillator (WbLS) prototype detector at Brookhaven National Laboratory, which was developed to explore the medium's unique capabilities for separating Cherenkov and scintillation signals and enabling versatile neutrino detection.
This study demonstrates that 4H-SiC PIN diodes exhibit exceptional radiation tolerance up to 2 MGy of X-ray irradiation, maintaining ultralow leakage currents, high charge collection efficiency, and stable picosecond-level time resolution, thereby confirming their suitability for extreme radiation environments in high-energy physics and space applications.
This paper presents the design and implementation of a high-density, sub-nanosecond timing system for a C-band photocathode electron gun test platform, featuring a compact 6U VME architecture with 80 (expandable to 160) synchronized channels that achieves ultra-low jitter performance and reliable routine operation at the Southern Advanced Photon Source.