620 papers
This collection explores the fascinating world of instrumentation and detection within physics, focusing on the tools and sensors that allow scientists to measure the universe. From advanced particle trackers to sensitive gravitational wave detectors, these innovations form the backbone of modern discovery, turning abstract theories into observable data.
On Gist.Science, we process every new preprint in this field as it appears on arXiv, ensuring you stay ahead of the curve. Each paper is accompanied by a clear, plain-language explanation alongside a detailed technical summary, bridging the gap between complex research and accessible knowledge.
Below are the latest papers in physics instrumentation and detection, offering fresh insights into how we observe the fundamental nature of reality.
This study demonstrates that combining neutron depth profiling and neutron reflectometry provides a complementary, non-destructive approach to characterize the sub-30 nm gradient interphases between lithium metal and solid electrolytes across different length scales.
This paper summarizes a comprehensive test campaign conducted at the University of California, Davis, which successfully validated the operation of the DarkSide-20k experiment's custom PMMA cathode high-voltage connection in liquid argon up to -100 kV, ensuring the reliability of the drift field system for the upcoming dark matter search.
This paper presents a memristive tabular variational autoencoder implemented on an analog content-addressable memory (ACAM) device that achieves real-time, 12x compression of high-energy physics calorimeter data with ultra-low latency (24 ns) and high throughput (330M compressions/s).
This paper introduces SVAROG, a compact neutron supermirror transmission multichannel polarizer with an electromagnetic system, detailing its fundamental properties, potential applications at the PIK research reactor, and a comparative analysis with existing neutron transmission polarizers.
Using Bayesian inference on data from the Chang'e-6 lander's NILS instrument, this study presents a novel semi-analytical model that quantifies the scattering and sputtering of solar wind ions on the lunar surface, revealing specific probabilities for negative ion emission, surface roughness effects on angular distributions, and a surface binding energy of 5.5 eV.
This paper proposes and validates a novel Richardson-Lucy-based iterative algorithm for proton computed tomography image reconstruction, demonstrating through Monte Carlo simulations that it achieves high spatial resolution and low relative stopping power uncertainty as a promising proof-of-concept for improving proton therapy accuracy.
Using 205.4 kg·day of data from the CDEX-10 experiment with a 160 eVee threshold, the study reports the first search for sub-MeV fermionic dark matter absorption on germanium electrons, finding no significant signals and setting new upper limits on the DM-electron interaction cross section for vector and axial-vector interactions in the 0.1–10 keV/ mass range.
The paper proposes a mechanical interferometric scheme using interacting levitated oscillators to measure Newton's constant with unprecedented accuracy, potentially surpassing current standards by several orders of magnitude.
This paper presents the first implementation of a real-time Graph Neural Network on an FPGA for the Belle II electromagnetic calorimeter trigger, which achieves 8 MHz throughput with 3.168 μs latency while significantly improving position resolution, cluster purity, and efficiency compared to the baseline algorithm.
This paper presents a systematic empirical study of high-performance GeSn photodiodes with thick absorbers (up to 2630 nm) and varying tin content (2–8%), demonstrating high responsivity and extended SWIR detection capabilities while analyzing the impact of doping design and defects to propose optimization strategies for commercial-grade devices.