109 papers
Physiology explores how living systems function, from the microscopic signals inside a single cell to the complex rhythms of an entire organism. This field seeks to understand the mechanical, physical, and biochemical processes that keep life moving, offering crucial insights into health, disease, and the body's remarkable ability to adapt.
On Gist.Science, we process every new preprint in this category from bioRxiv to make these rapid discoveries accessible to everyone. For each study, we provide both a clear, plain-language explanation and a detailed technical summary, ensuring that whether you are a curious student or a seasoned researcher, you can grasp the latest findings without getting lost in jargon.
The papers listed below represent the newest physiological research recently shared on bioRxiv, ready for you to explore.
This study reveals that while *Drosophila melanogaster* exhibits a typical life-stage-dependent fat accumulation pattern, the parasitoid wasp *Leptopilina heterotoma* fails to accumulate fat throughout its life, with its inbred lines instead showing significant genetic variation in the rate of fat consumption.
In female Zucker Diabetic Fatty rats, obesity induces early remodeling of cardiomyocyte dyadic structure and impaired calcium release independent of diabetes, but these specific cellular deficits are partially reversed by aerobic exercise training.
While AMPKα2 T172 activation is essential for exercise-induced mitochondrial biogenesis, respiratory function, and angiogenesis in skeletal muscle, it is not required for the overall improvement in exercise capacity and endurance.
This study demonstrates that while female BALB/cByJ and C57BL/6J mice exhibit considerable behavioral and metabolic resilience under intensive breeding conditions, they experience progressive, dose-dependent physiological changes—particularly in bone microstructure—that vary significantly by strain, highlighting the need for greater scientific attention to the cumulative impacts of repeated reproduction on maternal health.
This study demonstrates that the cardiac myosin activator CK-138 enhances myocardial contractility while preserving energetic homeostasis and oxidative metabolism, offering a distinct and more energy-efficient therapeutic mechanism compared to the ATP-depleting and glycolysis-shifting effects of the β-adrenergic agonist dobutamine.
This study demonstrates that altered expression and mechanosensitive activation of Piezo channels in airway smooth muscle cells contribute to abnormal extracellular matrix regulation and crosstalk in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD).
This study identifies the histone chaperone HIRA as a critical epigenomic regulator of adipose tissue function that promotes insulin sensitivity and obesity-associated adipose expansion by facilitating RNA polymerase II pause release to drive the expression of adiponectin and lipid metabolism genes.
This study reveals that minimal oral glucose exposure rapidly alters exhaled breath volatile profiles through oral microbiome fermentation, highlighting a critical confounder in breath-based disease diagnostics while suggesting new opportunities for chairside dental diagnostics.
This study reveals that brown adipose tissue protects the liver from oxidative stress by remodeling the circulating metabolome, specifically through the secretion of the cold-inducible metabolite 3-hydroxystearic acid (3-OHSA), which reduces mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production in the liver.
This meta-analysis and simulation study reveals that oxidative stress markers generally exhibit low individual repeatability, which significantly reduces statistical power in ecological and evolutionary research but can be partially mitigated by collecting repeated measurements.