UPSim: UxNB Propagation Simulator for 3D Map-Driven FR3 Deployments
The paper introduces UPSim, a scalable, semi-deterministic propagation simulator that leverages 3D building geometry and shadow projection to generate spatially consistent FR3 air-to-ground channel maps for UAV networks, offering a computationally efficient alternative to full ray tracing while maintaining high accuracy for mobility-aware planning.