Integrated Solar-Assisted Pretreatment, Natural Buffering, and Wood Ash Alkaline Processing for Sustainable Bioethanol Production from Banana Peel and Onion Peel
This study demonstrates a sustainable, cost-effective bioethanol production process from banana and onion peels by integrating solar-assisted pretreatment with wood ash alkaline processing and natural onion peel buffering, which collectively maximizes ethanol yield while significantly reducing energy, water, and chemical inputs.