earth_science papers | Gist.Science

Hydrography-constrained AMOC reconstruction shows freshwater-driven decline and fading thermal compensation

By constraining a high-resolution ocean model with historical hydrographic data from 1955 to 2022, this study reveals that the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation has experienced an overall freshwater-driven decline, which was temporarily buffered by thermal compensation in the late 20th century but has accelerated in recent years due to the loss of this thermal buffering and intensified salinity anomalies from Arctic export and Greenland melt.

Sang-Ki Lee, Fabian Gomez, Dongmin Kim, Hosmay Lopez, Shenfu Dong, Rick Lumpkin2026-07-13

📄 earth_science

Assessment of Spatial Distribution of Ambient Particulate Matter Pollutants and Potential Health Risk Surrounding a Cement Plant in North-Central Nigeria

This study characterizes the spatial distribution of ambient particulate matter (PM1–PM10) around a cement plant in North-Central Nigeria, revealing that pollutant concentrations are highest near the source and in the eastern direction, significantly exceed WHO standards, and pose substantial short-term, long-term, and occupational health risks to nearby residents.

Mzaga K. Saater, Olaniran J. Matthew, Dave E. Ekpa2026-07-13

📄 earth_science

Isotopic Evidence for Modification of Column Water Vapor by Cities

Using eight years of satellite data, this study demonstrates that hydrogen isotope ratios in atmospheric water vapor reveal a widespread, measurable isotopic enrichment over cities worldwide, providing a new observational constraint on urban hydroclimate impacts that remains hidden in conventional humidity measurements.

Martin Velez Pardo, David Noone, Richard Fiorella2026-07-13

📄 earth_science

Decoupling must accelerate threefold to align national environmental footprints with planetary boundaries

Despite efficiency gains in advanced economies, no nation currently operates within all seven planetary boundaries due to offsetting trade-sourcing effects and rising impacts in emerging economies, necessitating a threefold acceleration in decoupling rates for critical domains like climate and biosphere integrity to achieve global sustainability by 2050.

Richard Wood, Konstantin Stadler, Daniel Moran, Peter Søgaard Jørgensen, Can Nguyen, Edgar Hertwich, Jan Weinzettel2026-07-13

📄 earth_science

Exploring commercial water end-uses for a retail building in Brazil

This study characterizes water end-uses in a multi-tenant retail building in Brasília, Brazil, revealing that operational activities rather than built area are the primary drivers of water demand, with kitchen sinks and toilet flushing accounting for the majority of consumption and the bakery alone responsible for over 60% of the building's daily usage.

Daniel Sant'Ana, Natália Totugui2026-07-13

📄 earth_science

Validation Of a Modified Normalized Kruskal-Walis Fractal Dimension For Characterizing Pore Structure in Khuff Carbonate Reservoirs, Central Saudi Arabia

This study validates a modified normalized Kruskal-Wallis fractal dimension approach as a robust and highly consistent method for characterizing pore-structure heterogeneity in Khuff carbonate reservoirs, demonstrating a strong positive correlation between fractal dimension and permeability while confirming its applicability across diverse porous materials.

Prof. Khalid Elyas Mohamed Elameen AlKhidir2026-07-13

📄 earth_science

Increasing bird diversity in a landscape in transition

A resurvey of the Côa River basin reveals that rural depopulation and subsequent farmland extensification have driven a 28% increase in bird diversity, primarily benefiting forest-associated and generalist species while leaving farmland specialists stagnant, highlighting complex ecological shifts even within seemingly stable landscapes.

Antonio Monteiro, António Vaz Pato, Luís Reino, Fernando Silla, Henrique M. Pereira2026-07-13

📄 earth_science

Vertical structure of phytoplankton in stratified oceans will shift in a warming climate

Using CMIP6 projections and a two-layer ecosystem model, this study reveals that high CO2 emissions will significantly alter the vertical distribution of phytoplankton in stratified oceans by increasing subsurface biomass while decreasing surface biomass, whereas sustainable emission pathways maintain stability, highlighting the critical need to reduce emissions to prevent unknown consequences for marine ecosystems and biogeochemical cycles.

Qi Zheng, Johannes J. Viljoen, Francesco Mattei, Zarko Kovac, Bror Jonsson, Fanny Monteiro, Xuerong Sun, Robert Brewin2026-07-13

📄 earth_science

UHI Mitigation with Green Infra: Cairo new Capital Central Business District as a Case Study

This study demonstrates that implementing strategic green infrastructure, particularly clustered vegetation, in Cairo's New Administrative Capital Central Business District significantly mitigates the urban heat island effect, reduces cooling energy demand by up to 12.7% under future climate scenarios, and offers long-term economic viability for climate-resilient urban planning in arid regions.

Ahmed Salama2026-07-13

📄 earth_science

A Fractional Eulerian Dispersion Model Based on Hausdorff Derivatives for Pollutant Transport in the Planetary Boundary Layer

This paper presents and validates a novel fractional Eulerian dispersion model based on Hausdorff derivatives, which effectively simulates anomalous pollutant transport in the planetary boundary layer by incorporating a fractal dimension parameter and demonstrates superior performance over classical approaches under complex turbulent conditions.

A. Goulart, A. Meneghetti, M. J. Lazo2026-07-13

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