Sustaining Public-Sector Capability as the Workforce Ages: Succession Exposure Across Federal, State, and Local Government in the United States
Utilizing 2024 American Community Survey data, this study reveals that the U.S. public-sector workforce is significantly older and more credentialed than its private-sector counterpart, facing a critical succession crisis with a thinner early-career pipeline and concentrated risks in management that necessitate shifting monitoring focus from headcount to composition and succession exposure.