🩺 Category

endocrinology

47 papers

Endocrinology explores the complex network of hormones that regulate nearly every function in the human body, from metabolism and growth to mood and reproduction. When this delicate chemical signaling system falters, it can lead to a wide range of conditions, including diabetes, thyroid disorders, and fertility issues. Understanding these mechanisms is vital for developing treatments that restore balance and improve quality of life.

At Gist.Science, we make the latest research from medRxiv accessible to everyone. We process every new preprint in this category as it becomes available, transforming dense medical findings into clear, plain-language overviews alongside detailed technical summaries. This approach ensures that both curious readers and specialists can stay informed without getting lost in jargon.

Below are the latest endocrinology preprints we have processed, offering fresh insights into how our internal chemistry shapes health and disease.

🩺 endocrinology

Association of body composition, daily physical activity and handgrip strength with mortality, cardiovascular events and cancers in Japanese patients with diabetes

In a prospective cohort study of 2,024 Japanese patients with diabetes, higher visceral adipose tissue was found to increase cancer risk while greater handgrip strength offered protection against cardiovascular events, though neither body composition, daily physical activity, nor handgrip strength were independently associated with all-cause mortality.

Hamasaki, H., Taxiarchi, V. P.2026-06-11
🩺 endocrinology

Reduced fecal intestinal alkaline phosphatase is associated with gestational diabetes mellitus: A hospital-based multicentre cross-sectional study in Bangladesh

This hospital-based multicentre cross-sectional study in Bangladesh reveals that reduced fecal intestinal alkaline phosphatase levels are independently associated with gestational diabetes mellitus, suggesting a potential role for gut-derived metabolic dysregulation in the condition despite the marker's current limitation as a standalone diagnostic tool.

Chowdhury, P., Tofail, T., Akter, N., Islam, H., Bokshi, A., Sultana, M., Podder, S., Malo, M. S., Hasanat, M.2026-05-19
🩺 endocrinology

Using routine clinical features to classify adult-onset diabetes at diagnosis: the StartRight prospective observational study

The StartRight prospective observational study demonstrates that a classification model combining routine clinical features, such as lower age and BMI, unintentional weight loss, and high presentation glycaemia, with or without islet autoantibodies, achieves high accuracy in differentiating adult-onset type 1 from type 2 diabetes at diagnosis, outperforming current clinical guidance.

Knupp, J., Hill, A. V., Thomas, N. J., McDonald, T. J., Young, K. G., Fraser, D. P., Hattersley, A., McKinley, T., Shiel (…)2026-05-03
🩺 endocrinology

Legacy neuropsychiatric benefit after semaglutide is linked to maximum achieved dose and independent of the maximum weight lost

This large-scale observational study reveals that semaglutide treatment is associated with a sustained, dose-dependent reduction in the risk of various neuropsychiatric disorders that operates independently of weight loss, suggesting a direct beneficial effect via central nervous system GLP-1 receptor engagement.

murugadoss, k., Venkatakrishnan, A., Soundararajan, V.2026-04-23
🩺 endocrinology

Longitudinal insights into dynamic patterns and cumulative burdens of biological age acceleration in relation to type II diabetes mellitus, all-cause mortality and glycemic traits

This longitudinal study of UK Biobank participants demonstrates that dynamic transitions to accelerated biological aging and cumulative aging burdens are independently associated with increased risks of type II diabetes and all-cause mortality, partly mediated by glycemic dysregulation, thereby highlighting biological aging as a promising intervention target.

Yan, Y., Zheng, C., zeng, p.2026-04-07
🩺 endocrinology

A Manual of Procedures for the Generation of the AI-Ready and Exploratory Atlas for Diabetes Insights (AI-READI) Database.

This paper details the standardized procedures and protocols for the NIH Bridge2AI AI-READI project, which aims to generate a high-quality, multimodal dataset to advance artificial intelligence research in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Matthies, D. S., Edberg, J. C., Baxter, S. L., Lee, A. Y., Lee, C. S., McGwin, G., Owen, J. P., Zangwill, L. M., Owsley (…)2026-04-04
🩺 endocrinology

Efficacy and Safety of Oral L-Ergothioneine Supplementation in Improving Ovarian Reserve: A Single-Center, Open-Label, Self-Controlled Clinical Trial

This single-center, open-label, self-controlled clinical trial demonstrates that oral L-ergothioneine supplementation (120 mg/day for three cycles) safely and significantly improves ovarian reserve markers (AMH, FSH, E2) and alleviates menstrual, sleep, and quality-of-life symptoms in women with diminished ovarian reserve, providing the first clinical evidence of its systemic benefits in reproductive aging.

Liu, W., Guo, C., Ding, W., Cao, J., Ju, H., Liu, F., Xiao, G.2026-04-04