258 papers
Immunology explores the intricate defense systems that keep our bodies safe from infections and disease. This field examines how our immune cells recognize threats, coordinate responses, and maintain a delicate balance between fighting invaders and avoiding self-harm. From understanding vaccine mechanisms to investigating autoimmune disorders, these studies reveal the dynamic biology protecting human health every day.
On Gist.Science, we ensure these critical discoveries remain accessible to everyone. We automatically process every new preprint in this category as it appears on bioRxiv, transforming complex research into both plain-language explanations and detailed technical summaries. This approach allows readers to grasp the core findings without getting lost in dense jargon, while still providing the depth needed for scientific inquiry.
Below are the latest immunology papers from bioRxiv, each accompanied by our curated summaries to help you navigate the newest breakthroughs in the field.
This study reveals that Crat-mediated acetylation of HSC71 at lysine 579 enhances arthropod immunity against *Spiroplasma eriocheiris* by stabilizing HSC71 to suppress apoptosis and weakening its interaction with SOD to promote microbicidal ROS accumulation, a mechanism that can be therapeutically targeted via SIRT1 inhibition.
This study demonstrates that *Salmonella* biofilms contain Z-DNA within curli:DNA complexes that elicit anti-Z-DNA antibody responses in mice, suggesting that diet-modulated bacterial biofilm formation may contribute to the anti-DNA autoimmunity observed in systemic lupus erythematosus.
This study characterizes vaccine-induced SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, revealing that while those targeting immunodominant spike regions are potent but susceptible to viral escape, those binding a conserved N-terminal domain hydrophobic pocket exhibit broader neutralization breadth against emerging variants.
This bibliometric analysis of 1,742 studies published through May 2025 maps the global landscape of clinical metabolomics research on prediabetes and type 2 diabetes, identifying key contributors, leading journals, and emerging hotspots such as gut microbiota and lipidomics to guide future early diagnosis and precision interventions.
This study demonstrates that decidual macrophages in early-onset preeclampsia exhibit impaired efferocytosis and phagocytosis due to a failure to upregulate scavenger receptors, leading to the accumulation of apoptotic trophoblasts and a shift toward a pro-inflammatory phenotype characterized by increased CXCL-8 and IL-6 release.
This paper introduces CALM, a contrastive learning-based dual-encoder architecture that treats antibody-antigen recognition as molecular translation to enable bidirectional sequence-to-specificity prediction, achieving a 7% top-1 retrieval rate on a rigorous, leakage-controlled test set.
This study demonstrates that during *Trypanosoma cruzi* infection, follicular cytotoxic CD8+ T cells (Tfc) are not a homogeneous population but instead adopt distinct, tissue-specific transcriptional, metabolic, and functional states, with splenic Tfc cells exhibiting enhanced cytotoxicity and glycolysis while lymph node Tfc cells display memory-associated features and greater persistence.
This study reveals that lung cancer drives emergency myelopoiesis in the bone marrow by expanding S100A9+ and LCN2+ hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells, where S100A9 acts as an upstream regulator of LCN2 and represents a promising therapeutic target to inhibit tumor growth and overcome immunotherapy resistance.
This paper presents a biophysical model demonstrating that the presence of Fc{gamma} receptors on follicular dendritic cells acts as a regulatory mechanism to balance the affinity and diversity of germinal-center B cells during antibody maturation.
This study reveals that the gut microbiome's capacity to drive autoimmune neuroinflammation in multiple sclerosis is dynamic and most potent during the early stages of the disease, suggesting that microbiome-based therapeutic interventions should target a limited early therapeutic window.