311 papers
Immunology explores the intricate defense systems that keep our bodies safe from infections and disease. This field examines how our immune cells recognize threats, coordinate responses, and maintain a delicate balance between fighting invaders and avoiding self-harm. From understanding vaccine mechanisms to investigating autoimmune disorders, these studies reveal the dynamic biology protecting human health every day.
On Gist.Science, we ensure these critical discoveries remain accessible to everyone. We automatically process every new preprint in this category as it appears on bioRxiv, transforming complex research into both plain-language explanations and detailed technical summaries. This approach allows readers to grasp the core findings without getting lost in dense jargon, while still providing the depth needed for scientific inquiry.
Below are the latest immunology papers from bioRxiv, each accompanied by our curated summaries to help you navigate the newest breakthroughs in the field.
This study reveals that the helminth-derived protein HpBARI2 forms a stable trimer that selectively inhibits membrane-bound ST2 signaling by simultaneously blocking IL-33 binding, restricting receptor conformation, and leveraging multivalent interactions to avoid the soluble decoy receptor, offering a blueprint for targeted ST2 therapeutics.
This study utilizes IgG-sequencing to demonstrate that while healthy individuals maintain a conserved systemic antibody response dominated by commensal streptococci, periodontitis broadens this repertoire to include specific pathobionts and disproportionately enhances systemic IgG binding to certain oral commensals, thereby reshaping humoral immunosurveillance at the mucosal-microbial interface.
This study reveals that tumor-associated macrophages rely on the folate receptor FRβ to maintain immunosuppressive functions in low-folate tumor environments, and that disrupting this metabolic pathway induces mitochondrial ROS-mediated cGAS-STING signaling, repolarizing macrophages toward a pro-inflammatory state that enhances anti-tumor immunity.
This study reveals that DNA-PK functions as a conserved viral DNA sensor in chickens, a mechanism targeted by fowlpox virus OPG020/OPG031 proteins for immune evasion, highlighting a host-pathogen interaction that is evolutionarily broader than previously recognized due to the essential role of DNA-PK in genomic stability.
This study reveals that high-risk decompensated cirrhosis is defined not by microbial translocation alone, but by a specific local humoral immune dysregulation characterized by profound plasma cell depletion and reduced dimeric IgA despite the presence of antigen-experienced B cells.
This paper extends a temperature-based peptide exchange technology, previously established for HLA-A*02:01, to a broad range of HLA-A, B, and C alleles, enabling the rapid, high-throughput generation of ready-to-use MHC-I multimers for monitoring antigen-specific CD8+ T cell responses.
This study demonstrates that integrating ion trap collision-induced dissociation (CID) and infrared multiphoton dissociation (IRMPD) with the standard higher-energy collisional dissociation (HCD) significantly expands HLA class I immunopeptidome discovery by identifying unique peptides and improving spectral quality for specific ligand subsets that HCD alone often misses.
This study demonstrates that in people with HIV, virus-specific humoral immunity is not uniformly restored by CD4+ T-cell recovery but is instead shaped by a complex interplay of host immune status, prior antigenic exposure, and viral evolution, necessitating pathogen-specific functional assessments beyond conventional immune monitoring.
This study comprehensively profiles the intestinal T cell response to the microbiota under homeostatic conditions, revealing a broad, Treg-biased repertoire with antigen-specific dependencies on early-life programming for the establishment of regulatory identity.
This study reveals that Chandipura virus encephalitis triggers neuronal pyroptosis through a mitochondria-GSDME-STING axis, where early viral evasion of interferon responses gives way to mitochondrial stress-induced GSDME-STING coupling that drives fatal neuroinflammation, identifying STING as a promising therapeutic target to prevent neuronal death without compromising viral clearance.