📄 Category

medicine

13396 papers

📄 medicine

Concordance with CDC criteria and antibiotic prescribing for suspected ventilator-associated pneumonia in a neonatal intensive care unit: a retrospective audit

This retrospective audit of a neonatal intensive care unit reveals that only 57.5% of mechanically ventilated neonates treated for suspected ventilator-associated pneumonia met CDC diagnostic criteria, highlighting significant diagnostic uncertainty that drives unnecessary antibiotic exposure and underscoring the urgent need for more accurate diagnostic approaches to support antimicrobial stewardship.

Judith Hough, Sihle Bhebhe, Michael Steele, Luke Jardine2026-10-23
📄 medicine

Proteomic and functional insights into spinal neuroimmune maladaptation: dual-level modulation of mast cell-neural crosstalk by ultramicronized palmitoylethanolamide

This study demonstrates that ultramicronized palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) effectively counteracts morphine-induced spinal neuroimmune maladaptation by simultaneously modulating mast cell secretory activity and directly restoring spinal tissue homeostasis, thereby mitigating neuroinflammation and preserving opioid efficacy.

Alessandra Toti, Maria Giovanna Cataldi, Laura Micheli, Elena Lucarini, Francesco Margiotta, Daniel Venturi, Gilda Aiell (…)2026-10-23
📄 medicine

Relaparotomy After Caesarean Section in a Tertiary Care Centre: A Conundrum of Esoterica

This retrospective study of 20 cases at a tertiary care center reveals that relaparotomy following caesarean section, though rare (0.30%), is a life-threatening complication primarily caused by intraperitoneal haemorrhage, occurring mostly within 24 hours and necessitating strict intraoperative haemostasis and vigilant postoperative monitoring to mitigate maternal mortality.

Triveni GS, Ritambhara Ratnapriya, Anuradha Singh, Aishwarya Kapur, Abhishek Lachyan, Deepika Meena2026-10-23
📄 medicine

Exploring the Spectrum of Clinical and Radiological Findings in Active Tuberculosis

This institutional study of 410 confirmed tuberculosis cases in high-burden zones characterizes the clinical and radiological spectrum of the disease, identifying a high prevalence of the classic "TB tetrad" and demonstrating that specific radiological abnormalities and sputum characteristics are significant predictors for active pulmonary tuberculosis.

Jelkeba Bali Weyesa, Mengistu Legesse, Balako Gumi, Wondwossen Amogne, Nega Berhe, Eyob Tekalign2026-10-23
📄 medicine

Photobiomodulation for chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy: symptomatic effectiveness in a real-world single-center cohort

In a real-world single-center cohort of patients with chronic chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy, photobiomodulation treatment resulted in significant, durable symptomatic relief with no attributable toxicity, warranting further randomized confirmation.

Sami Frikha, Aziz Cherif, Nhu Hanh To, Noémie Grellier, Mohammad Rahmoun, Sabrine Tebessi, Tarik Rabehi, Tristan Rossy (…)2026-10-23
📄 medicine

Ultrasound Deep Learning for Distinguishing Benign Reactive from Hematologic Malignancy-Associated Cervical Lymphadenopathy in Children: Development and Validation

This study developed and validated a deep learning model using ultrasound images that effectively distinguishes between benign reactive and hematologic malignancy-associated cervical lymphadenopathy in children, achieving an AUC of 0.863 and demonstrating potential as a non-invasive decision-support tool for pediatric clinicians.

Zhiqing Wu, Yali Yang, Shijie Zhang, Zhiming Chen, Shibei Du, Bin Wu, Xiaobo Liu, Ran Zhuo2026-10-23
📄 medicine

Predictive Value of Quantitative T2-Weighted MRI Morphometric Parameters for Clinically Significant Prostate Cancer in PI-RADS v2.1 ≥4 Lesions

This retrospective study demonstrates that among quantitative T2-weighted MRI morphometric parameters, lesion volume provides the highest diagnostic accuracy for distinguishing clinically significant prostate cancer from benign prostatic hyperplasia in PI-RADS v2.1 ≥4 lesions, with optimal cutoff values varying by anatomical zone.

Xiaoyan Zhang, Peng Han, Wenya Liu, Li Xu, Minghua Sun2026-10-23
📄 medicine

Sex differences in quantitative fundus parameters measured by artificial intelligence: a cross-sectional community study

In a large cross-sectional study of over 21,000 participants in China, AI-quantified analysis of fundus photographs revealed significant sex differences across most vascular, optic disc, and retinal parameters that remained largely stable even after adjusting for numerous systemic conditions.

Jiayi Huang, Xuenan Zhuang, Ingrid Manguera Hojas, Anyi Liang, Huanlei Huang, Wenmei Qian, Feng Xie, Hongzhi Luo, Ting Z (…)2026-10-23
📄 medicine

Esketamine-Associated Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Suggestive of Bladder Overactivity in Treatment-Resistant Depression: A Case Report

This case report describes a patient with treatment-resistant depression who developed non-inflammatory lower urinary tract symptoms suggestive of bladder overactivity shortly after starting intranasal esketamine, which resolved upon spacing the treatment frequency.

Clara de oliveira lapa, Mario F. Juruena, Danilo Costa Pereira, Karine Furlanetto, Mariana Carvalho Moura Castiglioni, V (…)2026-10-23
📄 medicine

CT Colonography as a Triage Examination After a Positive Fecal Immunochemical Test: A Retrospective Cohort Study in a Chilean Screening Program

This retrospective cohort study in Chile demonstrates that computed tomography colonography (CTC) serves as an effective triage tool for FIT-positive patients, achieving a high positive predictive value (86.1%) for clinically significant polyps and helping to prioritize colonoscopy referrals in resource-limited settings.

Francisco Navarro Subiabre, Renato Alarcón Elgueta, Ignacio Heyer Salinas, Rocío Chanampa Vitali, Paz Bello Villalobos (…)2026-10-23