📄 medicine

Robotic Transabdominal Specimen Extraction vs Transanal Specimen Extraction for Sigmoid and Upper Rectal Cancer: A Comparative Analysis of Short-term Outcomes

This retrospective study demonstrates that robotic transanal specimen extraction (NOSES-IV) offers superior short-term outcomes, including reduced pain, fewer incisional complications, and faster recovery, compared to robotic transabdominal extraction for patients with sigmoid and upper rectal cancer.

Tai-yuan Li, A-long Luo, Fang-zheng Min, Tao Yu, Yong Zou, Jin-yi Zuo, Shan-ping Ye2026-10-16
📄 medicine

ADAR in Ovarian Cancer: Integrating Mendelian Randomization, Transcriptomic Profiling, and Immunohistochemical Validation to Identify ARHGAP25 and SAMHD1 as Potential Targets

This study integrates Mendelian randomization, multi-omics analysis, and immunohistochemical validation to demonstrate that the downregulation of ADAR in ovarian cancer serves as a protective factor and potential therapeutic target by regulating immune cell infiltration and identifying ARHGAP25 and SAMHD1 as key downstream effectors.

Xia Li, Xiaohui Qu, Yunting An2026-10-16
📄 medicine

High Burden of Multidrug Resistance and β-Lactamase-Associated Resistance Phenotypes among Gram-Negative Bacilli in Regional Healthcare Facilities in Northern Tanzania

A laboratory-based cross-sectional study conducted in Manyara Region, Tanzania, from October 2025 to June 2026 reveals a high burden of multidrug-resistant, extensively drug-resistant, and β-lactamase-associated resistance phenotypes among Gram-negative bacilli, particularly *Escherichia coli*, *Klebsiella pneumoniae*, and *Acinetobacter baumannii*, underscoring the urgent need for enhanced surveillance and stewardship in regional healthcare facilities.

Japhet Anania Peter, Yesige Mutajwaa, Fedrick Malakatete, Aisha Elias, Erick Monzo, Anania Tippe, Vickfarajaeli Daudi, R (…)2026-10-16
📄 medicine

Modulation of Brown Adipose Tissue Activity by HIIT and Vitamin D₃ Supplementation in Type 2 Diabetes Rat Models

This study demonstrates that an eight-week combination of high-intensity interval training and vitamin D₃ supplementation significantly enhances brown adipose tissue activity in type 2 diabetic rats by upregulating key metabolic proteins (FGF21, GPR120, PGC-1α, and UCP1) more effectively than either intervention alone.

Nadia Parhoon, Mohammad Rahman Rahimi, Ian Davies2026-10-16
📄 medicine

The associations of dynamic pain transitions with osteoarthritis risk and the mediating role of frailty in middle-aged and older adults

This study of over 73,000 adults across five international cohorts reveals that dynamic pain transitions significantly influence osteoarthritis risk, with frailty—particularly mobility limitations—partially mediating this relationship and serving as a critical target for combined pain and frailty management strategies in aging populations.

Xue-Qiang Wang, Yi-Hao Ge, Wen-Yuan Xing, Wen-Qing Xu, Qi-Hao Yang, Weiya Zhang, Xin-Ying Song, Zhi-Jing Zhou, Shi-Cai W (…)2026-10-16
📄 medicine

Automated Dental Calculus Mapping and Burden Estimation Using Deep Learning

This study presents a deep learning model based on a ResNet-50 encoder and U-Net architecture that successfully automates the segmentation and burden estimation of dental calculus from intraoral photographs, demonstrating superior performance over alternative models and offering potential for scalable oral health screening in underserved communities.

Elikem Des-Amekudi, Akoto Kwame, Michael McLennon, Cierra Mayo, Clayton Clark Clayton Clark, AKM Islam2026-10-16✓ Author reviewed ⓘ
📄 medicine

Well-educated macrophage membrane-camouflaged piezoelectric nanosystem reprograms immune microenvironment for bone regeneration

The study presents a macrophage membrane-camouflaged piezoelectric nanosystem (M SIRPα-BT) that, under ultrasound irradiation, simultaneously eradicates osteosarcoma via ROS generation, remodels the immune microenvironment by engaging the CD47-SIRPα axis, and promotes bone regeneration, offering a comprehensive therapeutic strategy for tumorous bone defects.

Xin Qian, Xiongfa Ji, Yueyi Zhang, Le Jiang, Liangyu Chen, Yiqun Wang, Wentao Li, Chao Li, Peng Yang, Yifan Song, Lingan (…)2026-10-16
📄 medicine

A Culturally Tailored Education Session to Improve Colorectal Cancer Screening Knowledge and Willingness Among Afghan Refugees: A Mixed-Methods Study

This mixed-methods study demonstrates that a culturally tailored educational session delivered at a refugee resettlement agency significantly improved colorectal cancer screening knowledge, familiarity, and willingness among Dari-speaking Afghan refugees, highlighting the critical role of such agencies in addressing screening disparities that persist regardless of acculturation duration.

Pavan Vemulakonda, Mason Eghbali, Sudharshan Raajkumar Ezhil, Liza Khutsishvili, Anushka Deogaonkar, Marie Borum2026-10-16