📄 Category

medicine

4321 papers

📄 medicine

Determinants of Self-Reported Proficiency in Cardiometabolic Disease Prevention, Management, and Control Among Faculty and Clinical Mentors in Kenya: A National Cross-Sectional Study

This national cross-sectional study in Kenya reveals that while faculty and clinical mentors generally report higher proficiency in diabetes and obesity management, they exhibit significant gaps in dyslipidemia and MASLD, with overall competency scores positively associated with higher education, experience, nursing cadre, and clinical mentorship roles.

Jarim Oduor Omogi, Hesborn Wao, Catherine Karekezi, Marcella Mwaka, Steve Omollo, Patrick Amboka, Benard Ondiek2026-07-09
📄 medicine

Effect of Proton Pump Inhibitors on the Development of Acute Kidney Injury in Critically Ill Patients: A Clinical Trial Emulation

This retrospective cohort study utilizing the MIMIC-IV database found that critically ill patients receiving proton pump inhibitor (PPI) prophylaxis have a significantly higher risk of developing acute kidney injury compared to those not exposed, with an adjusted odds ratio of 1.78.

Henry Oliveros, Jessica Barrera, Eduardo Tuta-Quintero, Henry Robayo-Amortegui, Luis Felipe Reyes2026-07-09
📄 medicine

Prevalence and factors associated with hypertension among teaching staff of the University of Dschang (Cameroon): A cross-sectional study in a sub- Saharan African university

A 2024 cross-sectional study of 230 teaching staff at the University of Dschang in Cameroon found that 25.7% suffer from hypertension, with family history being the only significant independent risk factor identified, highlighting a critical need for institutional screening and lifestyle interventions despite the lack of a statistical link to work-related stress.

Sylvain Raoul SIMENI NJONNOU, Cedric Darel FOTSO WAMBO, Christian NGONGANG OUANKOU, Sandrine ONGNESSEK NENGOM, Oleg Loïc (…)2026-07-09
📄 medicine

Predictors for Surgery in Crohn’s Disease: A Retrospective Observational Study of a Tertiary Care Centre in India

In a retrospective study of 118 Crohn's disease patients at an Indian tertiary care center, steroid dependence was identified as the sole independent predictor of surgical intervention, while a higher C-reactive protein/albumin ratio was associated with prolonged hospitalization among non-surgical patients.

Anmol Malhotra, Ganesh Bhat, Darshak Sanyal, Bharath Kumar Bhat2026-07-09
📄 medicine

PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitor-Related Cystitis: Clinical Features, Diagnostic Exclusion, and Outcomes in an Eight-Patient Case Series with a Targeted Literature Review

This study characterizes the clinical features, diagnostic exclusion process, and favorable outcomes of eight patients with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor-related cystitis, highlighting the importance of distinguishing this rare immune-related adverse event from other urinary pathologies through symptom assessment, sterile pyuria, and imaging, while noting that management typically involves ICI interruption and corticosteroid therapy.

ding wei, Lin li, heqian Liu, lingsong Tao, Yingqing Liu, jiawei wang, Zhonglang Wang2026-07-09
📄 medicine

Socioeconomic Inequalities in HIV Testing during Antenatal Care in Ghana

This study analyzes 2017/2018 Ghanaian data to reveal that despite a routine opt-out HIV testing policy, significant pro-rich socioeconomic inequalities persist in antenatal HIV testing coverage and result collection, with wealth, education, and urban residence explaining over 90% of the disparity and necessitating targeted interventions in underserved regions.

Ebenezer Adjartey, Prince Gyabaah, Isaac Kwadwo Anim, Isaac Kpakpo-Mensah, Lawrence Yaw Kusi, Elizabeth Cornelia Annan-P (…)2026-07-09
📄 medicine

Barriers and Facilitators to Early Exposure to Psychiatry in Undergraduate Medical Education: A Qualitative Study from Central India

This qualitative study from Central India identifies key barriers (such as curriculum constraints, institutional limitations, and stigma) and facilitators (including integrated learning, policy support, and role modeling) to early psychiatry exposure in undergraduate medical education, advocating for strengthened, competency-based approaches to better prepare future physicians for holistic care.

Bhavika Rai, Snehil Gupta, Akash Kumar, Vijender Singh, Ashish Pakhre2026-07-09
📄 medicine

Physiological response to prone position in intubated patients with Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia-related moderate-to-severe ARDS: a prospective observational study

This prospective observational study reveals that patients with Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia-related moderate-to-severe ARDS exhibit a blunted physiological response to prone positioning, characterized by a lack of improvement in oxygenation and compliance, more frequent desaturation events, and significantly higher 30-day mortality compared to those with ARDS caused by other pathogens.

Zhen Wang, Yuyan Zhou, Min Zhu, Yongjiang Tang, He Yu, Fengming Luo2026-07-09
📄 medicine

Differential Risk Factors for Intestinal Ischemia and Intestinal Necrosis in Acute Irreducible Groin Hernia: Development and Internal Validation of a Two-Stage Risk Stratification Model

This study develops and internally validates a two-stage risk stratification model that identifies distinct, stage-specific predictors for intestinal ischemia and subsequent necrosis in acute irreducible groin hernia, offering a nuanced framework for risk assessment that requires further external validation.

Weihuan Luo, Xiaolan Zhang, Cheng Zhang, Yu Chen, Shiping Wang2026-07-09