📄 Category

medicine

3171 papers

📄 medicine

Comparator-dependent evidence for earlier PSMA-targeted radioligand therapy in prostate cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials

This systematic review and meta-analysis of 12 randomized trials demonstrates that the efficacy of PSMA-targeted radioligand therapy in prostate cancer is primarily determined by the comparator agent rather than the disease line, supporting its use after androgen receptor pathway inhibitor progression but not as a replacement for docetaxel.

Haowen Wu, Wei Zhang, Xin Yan, Xiaoyang Liu, Anlin Liu, Luchen Yang, Pan Song, Qiang Dong2026-07-16
📄 medicine

Nasal Carriage of Staphylococcus Aureus and Methicillin- Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Among Food Handlers in a Nigerian University Setting: Prevalence, Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles, and Determinants of Colonization

This cross-sectional study of 100 food handlers at Veritas University, Abuja, revealed a 15% nasal carriage rate of *Staphylococcus aureus* with a strikingly high 80% proportion of Methicillin-Resistant strains (MRSA) that exhibited complete resistance to ampiclox, cefuroxime, and amoxicillin, while identifying employment duration of 4–6 years as the sole significant predictor of colonization.

Valentine Ebube Unigwe, OON Mba Ogbureke Okoronkwo2026-07-16
📄 medicine

Antihyperglycemic, Antiapoptotic efficacy of Psidium guajava L. in alleviating type-2 diabetic complications in streptozotocin-induced male albino rats

This study demonstrates that *Psidium guajava* L. (Lalit variety) leaf extract effectively alleviates type-2 diabetic complications in streptozotocin-induced rats by lowering blood glucose, improving lipid profiles, and protecting pancreatic β-cells through antioxidant activation and anti-apoptotic modulation of Caspase-3 and Bcl-2 expression.

Sowmya BH, Usha Anandhi D2026-07-16
📄 medicine

Lumbosacral Transitional Vertebrae Detected on Routine Sacroiliac Joint Radiographs in a Rheumatology Cohort: Comparison of Castellvi and Jenkins Systems

This retrospective study of 817 rheumatology patients reveals that the distance-based Jenkins classification detects a significantly higher prevalence of lumbosacral transitional vertebrae (89.96%) compared to the traditional Castellvi system (30.35%) on routine sacroiliac radiographs, with Jenkins-positive cases showing a strong age-related increase that was previously overlooked in original reports.

Jakub Jankowski, Marcin Glin, Natalia Maślanek, Marin Jasiewicz, Agnieszka Pawełczyk, Michał Polguj, Maciej Radek2026-07-16
📄 medicine

Lumbar Vacuum Phenotypes in Degenerative Spondylolisthesis: Distinct Instability Signatures of Intradiscal and Facet Joint Gas

This study demonstrates that intradiscal and facet joint vacuum phenomena in degenerative spondylolisthesis represent distinct mechanical instability signatures—characterized by anterior column disc degeneration versus posterior column facet and muscle dysfunction—suggesting that phenotyping these gas patterns can improve risk stratification and guide future outcome-based research.

Xianyi Zhang, QiRui Zhu, Tianci Fang, Jie Shang, Lei Liu, Guizhu Ji, Ziwei Xia, Youdi Xue, Hengcai Zhou, Meng Han, Chao (…)2026-07-16
📄 medicine

Associations of Visual-Related Parameters with ADHD Symptom Severity in Children

This study utilized LASSO regression to identify spherical equivalent refraction, near base-out fusional vergence break point, and the Convergence Insufficiency Symptom Survey score as key visual predictors of ADHD symptom severity in children, suggesting that visual dysfunction may amplify or mimic ADHD behaviors and warrants inclusion in multidisciplinary evaluations.

Gantian Huang, Ye Wu, Zixuan Huang, Yuling Jiang, Ling Xiong, Fan Li, Qian Chen, Dapeng Chen, Hui Zhou, Longqian Liu2026-07-16
📄 medicine

Based on machine learning, which part of the perioperative period predicts postoperative delirium better? A retrospective case-control study

This retrospective case-control study utilized machine learning to identify that general patient conditions and intraoperative factors, such as age, ASA classification, extubation time, and specific anesthetic agents, are the most significant predictors of postoperative delirium in elderly patients undergoing hip or knee arthroplasty, achieving a high predictive accuracy with an AUC of 0.9948.

Siqi Wang, Haoyu Zheng, Daiyu Chen, Yao Xiao, Minghe Tan, Yanlin Leng, Qingshu Li, Yong Tang, Jun Cao2026-07-16
📄 medicine

Measuring Effective Coverage for Facility Delivery using Health Facility and Household Surveys in Bangladesh, 2014 to 2022

Despite a significant rise in facility delivery rates in Bangladesh between 2014 and 2022, effective coverage remains low at 33% due to substantial gaps in service quality and readiness, revealing deep socioeconomic disparities and the need to shift focus from mere utilization to the actual quality of maternal healthcare.

Abu Bakkar Siddique, Anindita Saha, Rifath Binta Modasser, . Ashiquzzaman, Aniqa Tasnim Hossain, Md. Hasib Mamun, S. M. (…)2026-07-16
📄 medicine

Development and temporal validation of an interpretable machine learning model with a prototype web-enabled decision-support framework for early identification of depression risk in middle-aged and older adults using the CHARLS cohort

This study developed and temporally validated an interpretable machine learning framework using the CHARLS cohort to predict incident depressive symptoms in Chinese middle-aged and older adults, resulting in a prototype web-enabled decision-support tool that demonstrates moderate predictive performance and potential utility for auxiliary screening.

Yajie Yang, Min Wen, Ting Huang, Xueqin Liu, Xuemei Zeng2026-07-16